Abstract
Functional representations of (matrix) Burgers and potential Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (pKP) hierarchies (and others), as well as some corresponding Bäcklund transformations, can be obtained surprisingly simply from a “discrete” functional zero-curvature equation. We use these representations to show that any solution of a Burgers hierarchy is also a solution of the pKP hierarchy. Moreover, the pKP hierarchy can be expressed in the form of an inhomogeneous Burgers hierarchy. In particular, this leads to an extension of the Cole-Hopf transformation to the pKP hierarchy. Furthermore, these hierarchies are solved by the solutions of certain functional Riccati equations.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
A. V. Mikhailov, A. B. Shabat, and V. V. Sokolov, “The symmetry approach to classification of integrable equations,” in: What Is Integrability? (V. E. Zakharov, ed.), Springer, Berlin (1991), p. 115–184.
D. V. Choodnovsky and G. V. Choodnovsky, Nuovo Cimento B, 40, 339–352 (1977).
D. Levi, O. Ragnisco, and M. Bruschi, Nuovo Cimento B, 74, 33–51 (1983).
M. Bruschi and O. Ragnisco, J. Math. Phys., 26, 943–945 (1985).
A. Pickering, J. Math. Phys., 35, 821–833 (1994).
A. S. Fokas and Q. M. Liu, Phys. Rev. Lett., 72, 3293–3296 (1994).
H. Tasso, J. Phys. A, 29, 7779–7784 (1996).
B. A. Kupershmidt, KP or mKP: Noncommutative Mathematics of Lagrangian, Hamiltonian, and Integrable Systems (Math. Surveys Monogr., Vol. 78), Amer. Math. Soc., Providence, R. I. (2000).
B. A. Kupershmidt, J. Nonlinear Math. Phys., 12, 539–549 (2005).
A. Dimakis and F. Müller-Hoissen, “Nonassociativity and integrable hierarchies,” arXiv:nlin/0601001v2 [nlin.SI] (2006).
F. Guil, M. Mañas, and G. Álvarez, Phys. Lett. A, 190, 49–52 (1994).
A. Dimakis and F. Müller-Hoissen, J. Phys. A, 39, 9169–9186 (2006).
A. Dimakis and F. Müller-Hoissen, J. Phys. A, 39, 14015–14033 (2006).
M. Gekhtman and A. Kasman, J. Geom. Phys., 56, 282–309 (2006).
M. Sato and Y. Sato, “Soliton equations as dynamical systems on infinite dimensional Grassmann manifold,” in: Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations in Applied Science (Math. Stud., Vol. 81, H. Fujita, P. D. Lax, and G. Strang, eds.), North-Holland, Amsterdam (1983), p. 259–271.
E. Date, M. Jimbo, and T. Miwa, J. Phys. Soc. Japan, 51, 4116–4124 (1982).
V. E. Adler, A. I. Bobenko, and Yu. B. Suris, Comm. Math. Phys., 233, 513–543 (2003).
A. I. Bobenko and Yu. B. Suris, Lett. Math. Phys., 61, 241–254 (2002).
A. Dimakis, F. Müller-Hoissen, and T. Striker, J. Phys. A, 26, 1927–1949 (1993).
A. Dimakis, F. Müller-Hoissen, and T. Striker, Phys. Lett. B, 300, 141–144 (1993).
L.-L. Chau, J. C. Shaw, and H. C. Yen, Comm. Math. Phys., 149, 263–278 (1992).
E. Hopf, Comm. Pure Appl. Math., 3, 201–230 (1950).
J. D. Cole, Quart. Appl. Math., 9, 225–236 (1951).
J. Weiss, M. Tabor, and G. Carnevale, J. Math. Phys., 24, 522–526 (1983).
K. T. Joseph and A. S. Vasudeva Murthy, NoDEA Nonlinear Differential Equations Appl., 8, 173–193 (2001).
D. J. Arrigo and F. Hickling, J. Phys. A, 35, L389–L399 (2002).
M. Hamanaka and K. Toda, J. Phys. A, 36, 11981–11998 (2003).
L. Martina and O. K. Pashaev, “Burgers’ equation in noncommutative space-time,” arXiv: hep-th/0302055v1 (2003).
A. S. Fokas, “Invariants, Lie-Bäcklund operators, and Bäcklund transformations,” Doctoral dissertation, California Inst. Technology, Pasadena, Calif. (1979).
V. B. Matveev and M. A. Salle, Darboux Transformations and Solitons, Springer, Berlin (1991).
L. V. Bogdanov and B. G. Konopelchenko, J. Math. Phys., 39, 4701–4728 (1998).
L. V. Bogdanov, Analytic-Bilinear Approach to Integrable Hierarchies (Math. Appl., Vol. 493), Kluwer, Dordrecht (1999).
J. Dorfmeister, E. Neher, and J. Szmigielski, Quart. J. Math., 40, 161–195 (1989).
V. B. Matveev, Lett. Math. Phys., 3, 213–216 (1979).
W. Oevel, Phys. A, 195, 533–576 (1993).
Q. P. Liu and M. Mañas, J. Nonlinear Sci., 9, 213–232 (1999).
W. T. Reid, Riccati Differential Equations (Math. Sci. Eng., Vol. 86), Acad. Press, New York (1972).
H. Abou-Kandil, G. Freiling, V. Ionescu, and G. Jank, Matrix Riccati Equations in Control and Systems Theory, Birkhäuser, Basel (2003).
S. V. Manakov, V. E. Zakharov, L. A. Bordag, A. R. Its, and V. B. Matveev, Phys. Lett. A, 63, 205–206 (1977).
G. Biondini and S. Chakravarty, J. Math. Phys., 47, 033514 (2006).
A. Dimakis and F. Müller-Hoissen, Czech. J. Phys., 56, 1123–1130 (2006); arXiv:nlin/ 0608017v1 [nlin.PS] (2006).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
__________
Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Matematicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 152, No. 1, pp. 66–82, July, 2007.
An erratum to this article is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11232-007-0106-0.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Dimakis, A., Müller-Hoissen, F. Burgers and Kadomtsev-Petviashvili hierarchies: A functional representation approach. Theor Math Phys 152, 933–947 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11232-007-0079-z
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11232-007-0079-z