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A new genus of Bucephalidae Poche, 1907 (Trematoda: Digenea) for three new species infecting the yellowtail pike, Sphyraena obtusata Cuvier (Sphyraenidae), from Moreton Bay, Queensland, Australia

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Abstract

Three new species of the family Bucephalidae Poche, 1907 (Trematoda: Digenea) are described from the yellowtail pike, Sphyraena obtusata Cuvier (Sphyraenidae), from Moreton Bay, Queensland, Australia. The three species are morphologically consistent with the present broad concept of the genus Bucephalus Baer, 1827, but significant phylogenetic and ecological differences relative to the type-species of Bucephalus require the proposal of a new genus. Aenigmatrema n. g. is proposed for A. undecimtentaculatum n. sp. (type-species), A. inopinatum n. sp. and A. grandiovum n. sp. In addition, based on morphological, ecological and biogeographical similarities, we recombine two existing species of Bucephalus as Aenigmatrema kaku (Yamaguti, 1970) n. comb. and Aenigmatrema sphyraenae (Yamaguti, 1952) n. comb. Although the three species described in this study are extremely morphologically similar, they can be differentiated from each other, and from A. kaku and A. sphyraenae, morphometrically on the basis of egg size, tentacle number and a combination of the caecum and vitelline field lengths. Complete ITS2 rDNA, partial 28S rDNA and partial cox1 mtDNA sequence data were generated for the three new species, which formed a well-supported clade in all 28S phylogenetic analyses. An expanded phylogenetic tree for the subfamily Bucephalinae Poche, 1907 is presented, demonstrating unresolved issues with the morphology-based taxonomy of the subfamily. The three largest genera, Bucephalus, Rhipidocotyle Diesing, 1858 and Prosorhynchoides Dollfus, 1929 remain extensively polyphyletic, indicating the need for significant further systematic revision.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Mr John Page, Mr Dave Thompson, Mr Nicholas Wee (The University of Queensland) and Ms Clarisse Louvard (The University of Queensland) for their assistance in the collection of fishes in Moreton Bay, Dr Rodney Bray (The Natural History Museum) for providing a visual key for species of Bucephalus, Dr David Gibson (The Natural History Museum) for providing advice on taxonomic nomenclature, Dr Simone Blomberg (The University of Queensland) for her extremely helpful statistical advice and the staff at the Moreton Bay Research Station for their support of our work.

Funding

THC and SCC acknowledge the Australian Biological Resources Study (ABRS) for their ongoing support. This study was funded by the ABRS National Taxonomy Research Grant RF215-40.

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  1. School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia

    Richard D. Corner, Thomas H. Cribb & Scott C. Cutmore

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  1. Richard D. Corner
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  2. Thomas H. Cribb
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Correspondence to Richard D. Corner.

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Corner, R.D., Cribb, T.H. & Cutmore, S.C. A new genus of Bucephalidae Poche, 1907 (Trematoda: Digenea) for three new species infecting the yellowtail pike, Sphyraena obtusata Cuvier (Sphyraenidae), from Moreton Bay, Queensland, Australia. Syst Parasitol 97, 455–476 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11230-020-09931-7

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