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Amended diagnosis, validity and relationships of the genus Acrolichanus Ward, 1917 (Digenea: Allocreadiidae) based on the 28S rRNA gene, and observations on its lineage diversity

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Abstract

Adult specimens of the allocreadiid trematode Acrolichanus auriculatus (Wedl, 1858) were collected from Acipenser schrenckii Brandt from the River Amur and Amur Estuary, Acipenser ruthenus L. from the Rivers Irtysh and Oka (Asian and European parts of Russia, respectively), and Acipenser fulvescens Rafinesque from Lake Winnebago, Wisconsin, USA, and used for phylogenetic analyses based on 28S rDNA sequence data. The results supported the monophyly of Acrolichanus populations from both continents and a clear separation of A. auriculatus from other allocreadiid taxa, thus supporting the validity of the genus Acrolichanus Ward, 1917. This study formally reestablishes the genus Acrolichanus. Species of this genus differ from other allocreadiids by the following combination of morphological features: triangular mouth opening with rounded posterior corners, simple ventral, dorsolateral and dorsomedian muscular lobes on the oral sucker, stout cirrus-sac, pars prostatica with dorsal pocket, and massive cirrus with conspicuous triradiate lumen when invaginated. Specimens of the trematode from North America and the Rivers Irtysh and Oka were more closely related to each other than to the specimens from River Amur and Amur Estuary. This reflects the evolutionary divergence among sturgeons into Pacific and Atlantic clades. The phylogenetic analyses also confirmed the paraphyly of the genus Crepidostomum Braun, 1900.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are deeply thankful to Ilya I. Gordeev (Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography, Moscow) for providing material on A. auriculatus from River Oka, and to Drs V. N. Koshelev, V. Yu. Kolobov, A. P. Shmigirilov (the Khabarovsk Branch of the TINRO Center) for help in catching the Amur sturgeon. The authors thank Ron Bruch, formerly of Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, for providing lake sturgeon samples. The authors also acknowledge support from St Norbert College.

Funding

This study was supported by Grant of Russian Scientific Foundation, No. 17-74-20074.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far Eastern Branch of the RAS, 100-letija ave., 159, Vladivostok, Russia, 690022

    Dmitry M. Atopkin, Konstantin S. Vainutis & Marina B. Shedko

  2. Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Far Eastern Federal University, 8 Sukhanova Street, Vladivostok, Russia, 690051

    Dmitry M. Atopkin

  3. A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Leninskij ave., 33, Moscow, Russia, 119071

    Sergey G. Sokolov & Ekaterina L. Voropaeva

  4. Tobolsk Complex Scientific Station, Ural Branch of RAS, 15 Academician Osipov Street, Tobolsk, Russia, 626152

    Ekaterina L. Voropaeva

  5. Division of Natural Sciences, St. Norbert College, De Pere, Wisconsin, 54115, USA

    Anindo Choudhury

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  1. Dmitry M. Atopkin
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  2. Sergey G. Sokolov
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Correspondence to Dmitry M. Atopkin.

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All applicable institutional, national and international guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed. The collection of parasitological material was carried out within the framework of the planned monitoring works on the Aleksinsky section of the upper reaches of the River Oka (district of the mouth of the River Nepreika) during the summer feeding of the sterlet (June 2017), by the Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography (FSBSI “VNIRO”, Moscow, Russia) in accordance with the State Task No. 076-00065-17-00. Parasitological material from sturgeons of River Irtysh was collected under permission of Federal Agency of Fisheries (permit No. 72201803003305). Amur sturgeons from Amur estuary were collected under permission of Federal Agency of Fisheries, Amur Territorial Administration (Permit No. 27-456).

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Atopkin, D.M., Sokolov, S.G., Vainutis, K.S. et al. Amended diagnosis, validity and relationships of the genus Acrolichanus Ward, 1917 (Digenea: Allocreadiidae) based on the 28S rRNA gene, and observations on its lineage diversity. Syst Parasitol 97, 143–156 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11230-020-09901-z

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