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Pseudorhabdosynochus argus n. sp. (Monogenea: Diplectanidae) from Cephalopholis argus, P. minutus n. sp. and Diplectanum nanus n. sp. from C. sonnerati and other monogeneans from Cephalopholis spp. (Perciformes: Serranidae) off Australia and New Caledonia

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Abstract

Monogeneans from three species of Cephalopholis, namely C. argus, C. sonnerati and C. boenak, are described from fish caught off New Caledonia, South Pacific, with comparisons with material from off Queensland, Australia. Pseudorhabdosynochus argus n. sp. from C. argus is present off New Caledonia and Australia; it is characterised by its male quadriloculate organ with very elongate cone, and its sclerotised vagina with anterior trumpet, coiled primary canal and distal part with two chambers and an accessory part. C. boenak has no monogeneans off New Caledonia, but off Australia it harbours Pseudorhabdosynochus sp., a new species which is morphologically related to P. argus. P. minutus n. sp. from C. sonnerati is characterised by its minute body and a sclerotised vagina with two spherical chambers. Diplectanum nanus n. sp. from C. sonnerati is characterised by its very small funnel-shaped male copulatory organ and minute body. A new species, Haliotrema sp. from C. sonnerati is characterised by a very elongate tubular penis; it is distinct from H. cromileptis Young, 1968 (redescribed herein from specimens collected from Cromileptes altivelis off New Caledonia). The species described here include the first members of Pseudorhabdosynochus and the first diplectanids described from species of Cephalopholis. There is no evidence for a clade of Pseudorhabdosynochus species specific to members of Cephalopholis, since the species described here share similarities with other species from Epinephelus. However, it is suggested that the gill structure of Cephalopholis spp. imposes selection toward small body sizes for monogeneans.

Résumé

Des monogènes de trois espèces de Cephalopholis, C. argus, C. sonnerati et C. boenak, sont décrits de poissons de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Pacifique sud, et comparés avec du matériel du Queensland, Australie. Pseudorhabdosynochus argus n. sp. de C. argus est présent en Nouvelle-Calédonie et en Australie, et est caractérisé par son organe copulateur mâle à cône très allongé et son vagin sclérifié avec trompette antérieure, canal primaire enroulé et partie distale avec deux chambres et une partie accessoire. C. boenak n’a pas de monogènes en Nouvelle-Calédonie, mais héberge en Australie Pseudorhabdosynochus sp., une nouvelle espèce qui est morphologiquement proche de P. argus. P. minutus n. sp. de C. sonnerati est caractérisé par son corps très petit et un vagin sclérifié à deux chambres sphériques. Diplectanum nanus n. sp. de C. sonnerati est caractérisé par son organe copulateur mâle très petit, en forme d’entonnoir, et son corps très petit. Une nouvelle espèce, Haliotrema sp. de C. sonnerati est caractérisée par son pénis tubulaire très allongé; elle est distincte de H. cromileptis Young, 1968 (redécrit ici à partir de spécimens récoltés chez Cromileptes altivelis en Nouvelle-Calédonie). Les espèces décrites ici sont les premiers Pseudorhabdosynochus et les premiers Diplectanidae décrits de Cephalopholis. Aucun argument en faveur d’un clade d’espèces de Pseudorhabdosynochus spécifique de Cephalopholis n’a été trouvé, parce que les espèces décrites ici ressemblent à d’autres espèces qui sont parasites d’Epinephelus. Toutefois, on suggère que la structure de la branchie de Cephalopholis spp. impose une sélection vers une petite taille du corps pour les monogènes.

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Acknowledgements

Susan Lim, visiting scientist, Julie Mounier, volunteer technician, and Charles Beaufrère, Audrey Guérin, Anaïs Guillou, Amandine Marie, Chloé Journo, Violette Justine, Eric Bureau, Maya Robert, Damien Hinsinger, Guilhem Rascalou, Géraldine Colli, Aude Sigura, all students, participated in the fishing operations and parasitological survey. Eric Clua and Matthias Vignon collected spear-fished specimens. Jack Randall (Bishop Museum, Hawaii) kindly confirmed the identification of certain fish from photographs. Sam Tereua, Miguel Clarque and Napoléon Colombani, captains of the RV ‘Coris’, provided safe navigation. Angelo di Matteo (IRD) provided technical help. Delane Kritsky kindly lent slides of monogeneans collected by him on Heron Island, Australia. Ms Lua Hui Kheng (Raffles Museum, Singapore) arranged the loan of paratypes of Diplectanum grouperi. Bijian Zeng and Tingbao Yang (Guangzhou, China) generously donated specimens to the MNHN collection. Eva Řehulkova kindly read the manuscript.

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  1. Équipe Biogéographie Marine Tropicale, Unité Systématique, Adaptation, Évolution (CNRS, UPMC, MNHN, IRD), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, BP A5, 98848, Nouméa Cedex, Nouvelle Calédonie

    Jean-Lou Justine

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Justine, JL. Pseudorhabdosynochus argus n. sp. (Monogenea: Diplectanidae) from Cephalopholis argus, P. minutus n. sp. and Diplectanum nanus n. sp. from C. sonnerati and other monogeneans from Cephalopholis spp. (Perciformes: Serranidae) off Australia and New Caledonia. Syst Parasitol 68, 195–215 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11230-007-9096-4

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