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A Brief Review of Ultraviolet Auroral Emissions on Giant Planets

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Abstract

The morphologies of the ultraviolet auroral emissions on the giant gas planets, Jupiter and Saturn, have conveniently been described with combinations of a restricted number of basic components. Although this simplified view is very handy for a gross depiction of the giant planets’ aurorae, it fails to scrutinize the diversity and the dynamics of the actual features that are regularly observed with the available ultraviolet imagers and spectrographs. In the present review, the typical morphologies of Jupiter and Saturn’s aurorae are represented with an updated and more accurate set of components. The use of sketches, rather than images, makes it possible to compile all these components in a single view and to put aside ultraviolet imaging technical issues that are blurring the emission sources, thus preventing one from disentangling the different auroral signatures. The ionospheric and magnetospheric processes to which these auroral features allude can then be more easily accounted. In addition, the use of components of the same kind for both planets may help to put forward similarities and differences between Jupiter and Saturn. The case of the ice giants Uranus and Neptune is much less compelling since their weak auroral emissions are very poorly documented and one can only speculate about their origin. This review presents a current perspective that will inevitably evolve in the future, especially with upcoming observing campaigns and forthcoming missions like Juno.

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Acknowledgements

The author acknowledges the support of EUROPLANET RI project (Grant agreement No. 228319) funded by EU; and also the support of the International Space Science Institute (Bern). D. Grodent is partially supported by the PRODEX program managed by ESA in collaboration with the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office. This review is based on observations made with the Hubble Space Telescope obtained at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by AURA Inc., and on data obtained in the frame of the NASA/ESA Cassini Project. The Editor thanks the work of two anonymous referees.

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    Denis Grodent

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Grodent, D. A Brief Review of Ultraviolet Auroral Emissions on Giant Planets. Space Sci Rev 187, 23–50 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-014-0052-8

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