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Analysis of the Relationship Between the Solar X-Ray Radiation Intensity and the D-Region Electron Density Using Satellite and Ground-Based Radio Data

  • Earth-affecting Solar Transients
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Abstract

Increases in the X-ray radiation that is emitted during a solar X-ray flare induce significant changes in the ionospheric D region. Because of the numerous complex processes in the ionosphere and the characteristics of the radiation and plasma, the causal-consequential relationship between the X-ray radiation and ionospheric parameters is not easily determined. In addition, modeling the ionospheric D-region plasma parameters is very difficult because of the lack of data for numerous time- and space-dependent physical quantities. In this article we first give a qualitative analysis of the relationship between the electron density and the recorded solar X-ray intensity. After this, we analyze the differences in the relationships between the D-region response and various X-ray radiation properties. The quantitative study is performed for data observed on 5 May 2010 in the time period between 11:40 UT – 12:40 UT when the GOES 14 satellite detected a considerable X-ray intensity increase. Modeling the electron density is based on characteristics of the 23.4 kHz signal emitted in Germany and recorded by the receiver in Serbia.

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Notes

  1. http://satdat.ngdc.noaa.gov/sem/goes/data/new_full/2010/05/goes14/csv concerning photon wavelengths within ranges 0.05 nm and 0.4 nm, and 0.1 nm – 0.8 nm.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia through the projects III 44002 176001, 176002 and 176004. This study is made within the COST project TD1403 and the VarSITI project. We are grateful to the anonymous referee for comments and suggestions that significantly improved our paper. The authors are also grateful to Maša Lakićević for help in calculations using CHIANTI model and Janet Machol for access to data related to GOES 14 satellite calibration. The data for this paper collected by the GOES 14 satellite are available at NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental information ( http://satdat.ngdc.noaa.gov/sem/goes/data/new_full/2010/05/goes14/csv ). Requests for the VLF data can be directed to the corresponding author.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Physics, University of Belgrade, Pregrevica 118, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia

    Aleksandra Nina

  2. Astronomical Observatory, Volgina 7, 11060, Belgrade, Serbia

    Vladimir M. Čadež & Luka Č. Popović

  3. University of Defence, Military Academy, Generala Pavla Jurišića Šturma 33, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia

    Jovan Bajčetić & Srdjan T. Mitrović

  4. Faculty of Mathematics, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia

    Luka Č. Popović

Authors
  1. Aleksandra Nina
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  2. Vladimir M. Čadež
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  3. Jovan Bajčetić
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  4. Srdjan T. Mitrović
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  5. Luka Č. Popović
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Correspondence to Aleksandra Nina.

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Earth-affecting Solar Transients

Guest Editors: Jie Zhang, Xochitl Blanco-Cano, Nariaki Nitta, and Nandita Srivastava

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Nina, A., Čadež, V.M., Bajčetić, J. et al. Analysis of the Relationship Between the Solar X-Ray Radiation Intensity and the D-Region Electron Density Using Satellite and Ground-Based Radio Data. Sol Phys 293, 64 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-018-1279-4

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