Table A3 Logistic regression models for the likelihood of subjective (in-work) poverty by different levels of objective (in-work) poverty at different levels of job instability (as share of labour income from temporary jobs)

From: Being Working Poor or Feeling Working Poor? The Role of Work Intensity and Job Stability for Subjective Poverty

 Model 1a
Coeff.
(no interaction terms)		Model 1b
Coeff.
(F i gure 3)		Model 2
Coeff.
(robustness check subj. poverty)
Objective poverty (ref.: severely poor)  
 Poor− 0.420**− 0.425**− 0.563**
 [0.164][0.181][0.185]
 Vulnerable− 0.544**− 0.505**− 0.544**
 [0.145][0.158][0.162]
 Non-poor− 0.799**− 0.725**− 0.888**
 [0.120][0.130][0.135]
 Above the median income− 1.512**− 1.444**− 1.601**
 [0.123][0.133][0.144]
Share of labour income that comes from temporary jobs (ref.:0%)   
 0.810**1.161**0.658**
 [0.113][0.267][0.272]
Nr. of workers in the household (ref.: One)  
 Two− 0.376**− 0.384**− 0.378**
 [0.092][0.092][0.103]
Nr. of self-employed (ref.: none)   
 One− 0.305**− 0.289**− 0.229**
 [0.084][0.084][0.093]
 Two− 0.464**− 0.453**− 0.212
 [0.224][0.222][0.217]
Household members (ref.: one)   
 20.686**0.691**0.872**
 [0.140][0.140][0.147]
 30.955**0.963**0.942**
 [0.178][0.178][0.190]
 41.072**1.085**1.103**
 [0.212][0.211][0.223]
 51.257**1.270**1.206**
 [0.251][0.251][0.261]
Household composition. adult members (ref.: single)   
 Couple− 0.282**− 0.282**− 0.340**
 [0.128][0.128][0.134]
Presence of children < 15(ref.: no)  
 Yes. one− 0.180*− 0.185*− 0.209*
 [0.105][0.104][0.113]
 Yes. two or more− 0.325**− 0.336**− 0.287*
 [0.146][0.146][0.161]
Number of foreign born household member (ref.: none) 
 At least one0.176*0.181*0.635**
 [0.099][0.099][0.100]
Age of the  oldest household member (ref.: < 35) 
 35–440.1000.0990.014
 [0.129][0.130][0.146]
 45–640.0950.0890.087
 [0.129][0.130][0.144]
Highest educational level (ref.: up to lower secondary) 
 Upper secondary− 0.441**− 0.445**− 0.606**
 [0.098][0.098][0.100]
 Tertiary− 1.019**− 1.020**− 1.347**
 [0.112][0.112][0.120]
Home-ownership (ref.: no)   
 Yes− 0.460**− 0.464**− 0.771**
 [0.077][0.077][0.081]
Geographical area of residence (ref.: North)  
 Center0.256**0.257**0.065
 [0.086][0.086][0.097]
 South and Islands0.496**0.494**0.535**
 [0.084][0.084][0.090]
Degree of urbanization (ref.: low)  
 High0.130*0.130*− 0.028
 [0.069][0.069][0.076]
Interaction terms
Objective poverty * Share of labour income (temporary jobs) 
 Poor * Share of income (temp.) 0.03− 0.011
  [0.462][0.430]
 Vulnerable * Share of income (temp.)− 0.274− 0.152
  [0.415][0.458]
 Non-poor * Share of income (temp.)− 0.545− 0.039
  [0.342][0.349]
 Above the median * Share of income (temp.)− 0.5080.053
  [0.334][0.347]
Constant 0.514**0.465**0.618**
[0.182][0.187][0.196]
N792279227922
  1. Notes: coefficients and standard errors (in parentheses): model 2 uses an alternative measure of subjective poverty, defined as not to be able to afford two out of three of the following items: 1 week annual holiday away from home; a meal with meat, chicken, fish every second day; to face unexpected financial expenses
  2. Source: EU-SILC 2014, Italian module. Authors’ calculations (weighted)
  3. P-value: * = 0.10, ** = 0.05
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