Abstract
Novel PMDA-PAPD/silica hybrid polymers were synthesized by the sol-gel process. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and 29Si nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy were used to characterize the structure of the hybrids, (condensed siloxane bonds designated as Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, wth 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane having mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-substituted siloxane bonds is designated as T1, T2 and T3). The results revealed that Q3, Q4 and T3 are the major microstructure elements in forming a network structure. The surface morphology, particle size, crystallinity and the thermal stability of the hybrids were investigated using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). SEM and TEM revealed that the hybrids were nanocomposites. The XRD indicated that covalent bonding (Si-O-Si) between the organic and inorganic components enhanced miscibility. DSC and TGA results showed that these hybrid materials had excellent thermal stability. The heat capacities of some materials were reported for the temperature range 273 K and 363 K as no thermal anomaly was found in this temperature range.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Wen, J.Y. & Wilkes, G.L. 1996 Organic/Inorganic hybrid network materials by the sol-gel approach. Chem. Mater. 8(8), 1667–1681.
Hench, L.L. & West, J.K. 1990 The sol-gel Process. Chem. Rev. 90(1), 33–72.
Orgaz, F. & Rawson, H. 1986 Characterization of various stages of the sol-gel process. J Non-Cryst. Solids. 82(1–3), 57–68.
Mackenzie, J.D. 1982 Glasses from melts & glasses from gels, a comparison. J Non-Cryst Solids 48(1), 1–10.
Sun, C.C. & Mark, J.E. 1989 Comparisons among the reinforcing effects provided by various silica-based fillers in a siloxane elastomer. Polymer 30(1), 104–106.
Coltrain, B.K., Ferrar, W.T. & Landry, C.J.T. et al. 1992 Polyphosphazene molecular composites. 1. In situ polymerization of tetraethoxysilane. Chem. Mater. 4(2), 358–364.
Biteau, J., Chaput, F. & Lahlil, K et al. 1998 Large and stable refractive index change in photochromic hybrid materials. Chem Mater 10(7), 1945–1950.
Smaihi, M., Jermoumi, T & Marignan J., et al. 1996 Organic-inorganic gas separation membranes: Preperation and characterization. J Membr. Sci. 116(2):211–220.
Joly, C., Goizet, S. & Schrotter, J.C., et al. 1997 Sol-gel polyimide-silica composite membrane: Gas transport properties. J Membr. Sci. 130(1–2), 63–74.
Schrotter, J.C., Smaihi, M. & Guizard, C. 1996 Polyimide-siloxane hybrid materials: Influence of coupling agents addition on microstructure and properities. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 61(12), 2137–2149.
Loy, D.A. & Shea, K.J. 1995 Bridged polysilsesquioxanes. Highly porous hybrid organic-Inorganic materials. Chem. Rev. 95(5), 1431–1442.
Novak, B.M. 1993 Hybrid nanocomposite materials-between inorganic glasses and organic polymers. Adv. Mater. 5(6), 422–433.
Mark, J.E., Lee, C.Y.C. & Bianconi P.A. Hbrid organic-inorganic composites, ACS Symp. Ser. 585. Am. Chem. Soc. Washington DC, 1995.
David, I.A. & Scherer, G.W. 1995 An organic/inorganic single-phase composite. Chem. Mater. 7(10):1957–1967.
Brinker, C.J. & Scherer, G.W. Sol-gel science, the physics and chemistry of sol-gel processing. San Diego: Academic Press;1990.
Qiu, F.X. Zhou, Y.M. & Liu, J.Z. 2004 The Synthesis and characteristic study of 6FDA- 6FHP-NLO polyimide/ SiO2 nanohybrid materials. European Polymer Journal 40(4), 713–720.
Tachibana, H., Yamanaka, Y. & Sakai, H., et al. 2000 Highly conductive inorganic-organic hybrid Langmuir-Blodgett films based on MoS2. Chem. Mater. 12(3), 854–856.
Tsai, M.H. & Whang, W.T. 2001 Low dielectric polyimide/ poly(silsesquioxane)-like nanocomposite material. Polymer 42(9), 4197–4207.
Joseph, R., Zhang, S. & Ford, W.T. 1996 Structure and dynamics of a colloidal silica-poly(methacrylate) composite by 13C and 29Si MAS NMR spectroscopy. Macromolecules 29(4), 1305–1312.
Mark, J.E., Eisenberg, A. & Graessley, W.W., et al. 1984 Physical properties of polymers. Am. Chem. Soc., Washington DC.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Qiu, F., Jiang, Y., Zhou, Y. et al. Synthesis, characterization and thermal properties of novel PMDA-PAPD/silica hybrid network polymers. Silicon Chem 3, 65–73 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11201-005-9003-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11201-005-9003-2