Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Board Pay and the Separation of Ownership from Control in U.K. SMEs

  • Published:
Small Business Economics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This paper examines Board pay for a sample of 571 U.K. SMEs from 1991 to 1995. Approximately half of the sample were closely-held (i.e., owner-managed) firms which allowed empirical testing of models of the relationship between Board pay and ownership from control characteristics. Consistent with their need to align shareholder and manager incentives, the results indicate that the change in nonclosely-held SME Board pay is significantly related to both external market pay comparisons and “benchmark” profits. This contrasts with the empirical results for the closely-held firms where Board pay awards are typically highly sensitive to current total profits but wholly unrelated to external market pay levels.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • J.S. Ang (1991) ArticleTitle’Small Business Uniqueness and the Theory of Financial Management’ Journal of Small Business Finance 1 1–13

    Google Scholar 

  • G.P. Baker M.C. Jensen K.J. Murphy (1988) ArticleTitle’Compensation and Incentives: Practice vs Theory’ Journal of Finance 18 593–616

    Google Scholar 

  • H.G. Barkema P. Geroski J. Schalbach (1997) ArticleTitle’Managerial Compensation Strategy and Firm Performance’ International Journal of Industrial Organisation 15 413–417 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0167-7187(96)01026-0

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • H.G. Barkema L.R. Gomez-Mejia (1998) ArticleTitle’Managerial Compensation and Firm Performance: A General Research Framework’ Academy of Management Journal 41 135–145

    Google Scholar 

  • M. Conyon P. Gregg S. Machin (1995) ArticleTitle’Taking Care of Business: Executive Compensation in the United Kingdom’ The Economic Journal 105 704–714

    Google Scholar 

  • M. Conyon D. Leech (1994) ArticleTitle’Top Pay, Company Performance and Corporate Governance’ Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics 56 229–247

    Google Scholar 

  • A. Cosh A. Hughes (1997) ArticleTitleExecutive Remuneration, Executive Dismissal and Institutional Shareholdings’ International Journal of Industrial Organisation 15 469–492 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0167-7187(96)01031-4

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • D.K. Denis (2001) ArticleTitle’Twenty-five Years of Corporate Governance Research . . . and Counting’ Review of Financial Economics 10 191–212 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S1058-3300(01)00037-4

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • M. Ezzamel R. Watson (1998) ArticleTitle’Market Comparison Earnings and the Bidding-up of Executive Cash Compensation: Evidence from the UK’ Academy of Management Journal 41 221–231

    Google Scholar 

  • M. Ezzamel R. Watson (2002) ArticleTitle’Pay Comparability Across and Within UK Boards: An Empirical Analysis of the Cash Pay Awards to CEOs and other Board Members’ Journal of Management Studies 39 207–232 Occurrence Handle10.1111/1467-6486.00289

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • E.F. Fama (1980) ArticleTitle’Agency Problems and the Theory of the Firm’ Journal of Political Economy 88 288–307 Occurrence Handle10.1086/260866

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • E.F. Fama Jensen (1983) ArticleTitle’Separation of Ownership and Control’ Journal of Law and Economics 26 301–325 Occurrence Handle10.1086/467037

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • E. Garen J (1994) ArticleTitle’Executive Compensation and Principal- Agent Theory’ Journal of Political Economy 102 1175–1199 Occurrence Handle10.1086/261967

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • L.R. Gomez-Mejia (1994) ArticleTitle’Executive Compensation: A Reassessment and a Future Research Agenda’ Research in Human Resource Management 12 161–222

    Google Scholar 

  • P. Gregg S. Machin S. Szymanski (1993) ArticleTitle’The Disappearing Relationship between Directors Pay and Corporate Performance’ British Journal of Industrial Relations 31 1–9

    Google Scholar 

  • S.J. Grossman O. Hart (1983) ArticleTitle’An Analysis of the Principal-Agent Problem’ Econometrica 51 7–45

    Google Scholar 

  • O. Hart (1995) ArticleTitle’Corporate Governance: Some Theory and Implications’ Economic Journal 105 678–689

    Google Scholar 

  • B. Holmstrom (1979) ArticleTitle’Moral Hazard and Observability’ Bell Journal of Economics 10 74–91

    Google Scholar 

  • B. Holmstrom (1982) ArticleTitle’Moral Hazard in Teams’ Bell Journal of Economics 13 324–340

    Google Scholar 

  • M. Huse (2000) ArticleTitle’Boards of Directors in SMEs: A Review and Research Agenda’ Entrepreneurship & Regional Development 12 271–290

    Google Scholar 

  • M.C. Jensen W.H. Meckling (1976) ArticleTitle’Theory of the Firm: Managerial Behaviour, Agency Costs and Ownership Structure’ Journal of Financial Economics 3 305–360 Occurrence Handle10.1016/0304-405X(76)90026-X

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • K. Keasey R. Watson (1996) ArticleTitle’Owner-Manager Drawings, Firm Performance and Financial Structure: An Analysis of Small and Closely Held UK Firms’ Journal of Business Finance and Accounting 23 753–778

    Google Scholar 

  • B.G.M. Main A. Bruce T. Buck (1996) ArticleTitle’Total Board Remuneration and Company Performance’ Economic Journal 106 1627–1644

    Google Scholar 

  • K. Murphy (1999) ’Executive Compensation’ O. Ashenfelter D. Card (Eds) Handbook of Labour Economics, Vol. 3. North-Holland Amsterdam

    Google Scholar 

  • S. Myers N. Majluf (1984) ArticleTitle’Corporate Financing and Investment Decisions when Firms have Information that Investors Do Not Have’ Journal of Financial Economics 13 187–221 Occurrence Handle10.1016/0304-405X(84)90023-0

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • E. Pavlik T. Scott P. Tiessen (1993) ArticleTitle’Executive Compensation: Issues and Research’ Journal of Accounting Literature 12 131–189

    Google Scholar 

  • R. Smith S. Szymanski (1995) ArticleTitle’Executive Pay and Performance: The Empirical Importance of the Participation Constraint’ International Journal of the Economics of Business 2 485–495

    Google Scholar 

  • D.J. Storey (1994) Understanding the Small Business Sector Routledge London

    Google Scholar 

  • R. Watson (1990) ArticleTitle’Employment Change, Profits and Directors Remuneration in Small and Closely-held UK Companies’ Scottish Journal of Political Economy 37 IssueIDAugust 259–274

    Google Scholar 

  • R. Watson N. Wilson (2002) ArticleTitle’Small and Medium Size Enterprise Financing: Some of the Empirical Implications of a Pecking Order’ Journal of Business Finance & Accounting 29 557–578

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Watson, R., Wilson, N. Board Pay and the Separation of Ownership from Control in U.K. SMEs. Small Bus Econ 24, 465–476 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-005-6438-y

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-005-6438-y

Keywords

Navigation