The paper presents transmission electron microscopy (TEM) investigations of the structure and phase composition of and defect content in the rail head metal. The differential heat treatment of 100 m long rails is performed at a various depth after the extremely long operation (total gross tonnage of 1770 million gross tons). TEM observations are performed along the symmetry axis of the rail head and the underhead radius at a depth of 2 and 10 mm in the rail head running surface. The dislocation substructure of ferrite consists of chaotically distributed dislocations and dislocation networks. Scalar and excess dislocation densities increase as the rail head surface approaches. In relation to the head surface, these parameters exceed those at a 10 mm depth by more than 2 times. The excess dislocation density is lower than the scalar dislocation density, that indicates to the elastic bending and torsion of the crystal lattice. The dislocation mechanisms of hardening are quantitatively evaluated.
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Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 3, pp. 160–165, March, 2022.
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Ivanov, Y.F., Gromov, V.E., Kuznetsov, R.V. et al. Rail Structure after Extremely Long Operation. Russ Phys J 65, 567–572 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11182-022-02669-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11182-022-02669-3