It has been shown that in a hot-cathode electric arc operating at low pressures of the working gas, a positive anode voltage drop arises that results in an increase in discharge voltage with current even before the transition of the discharge into a constrained arc.
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Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 10, pp. 97–102, October, 2010.
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Nikulin, C.P. The current-voltage characteristic of a hot-cathode electric arc at low pressures. Russ Phys J 53, 1093–1099 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11182-011-9534-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11182-011-9534-2