Abstract
Novel asymmetric dihetarylethenes, viz., 3-(1-isopropyl-5-methoxy-2-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-4-(3-thienyl)furan-2,5-dione and 1-alkyl/aryl-3-(1-isopropyl-5-methoxy-2-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-4-(3-thienyl)-1H-pyrrole-2,5-diones, were obtained. These dihetarylethenes exhibit photochromism in solutions. Replacement of the N-methyl group in the indole fragment by the N-isopropyl group imparts photochromic properties to the resulting furan-2,5-dione derivative. The open forms of (N-isopropylindol-3-yl)pyrrole-2,5-diones are characterized by lower quantum yields of fluorescence, and their cyclic forms are thermally more stable.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
V. I. Minkin, Russ. Chem. Rev. (Engl. Transl.), 2003, 82, 1.
Molecular Switches, Eds B. L. Feringa, W. R. Browne, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2011, 792 pp.
V. I. Minkin, Russ. Chem. Bull., Int. Ed., 2008, 57, 867 [Izv. Akad. Nauk, Ser. Khim., 2008, 673].
M. Irie, Chem. Rev., 2000, 100, 1685.
V. A. Barachevskii, M. M. Krayushkin, Russ. Chem. Bull., Int. Ed., 2008, 57, 867 [Izv. Akad. Nauk, Ser. Khim., 2008, 853].
V. Z. Shirinyan, D. V. Lonshakov, A. G. L’vov, M. M. Krayushkin, Russ. Chem. Rev. (Engl. Transl.), 2013, 82, 511 [Usp. Khim., 2013, 82, 511].
J. Zhang, Q. Zou, H. Tian, Adv. Mater., 2013, 25, 378.
M. Natali, S. Giordani, Chem. Soc. Rev., 2012, 41, 4010.
N. I. Makarova, P. V. Levchenko, E. N. Shepelenko, A. V. Metelitsa, V. S. Kozyrev, V. P. Rybalkin, V. A. Bren’, V. I. Minkin, Russ. Chem. Bull., Int. Ed., 2011, 60, 1899 [Izv. Akad. Nauk, Ser. Khim., 2011, 1866].
G. R. Allen, Jr., Organic Reactions, 1973, 20, p. 396.
J. B. Patrick, E. K. Saunders, Tetrahedron Lett., 1979, 42, 4009.
M. Irie, in Organic Photochromic and Thermochromic Compounds, Eds J. C. Crano, R. Guglielmetti, Kluwer Academic Publishers, New York, 2002, 1, p. 207.
C. A. Parker, Photoluminescence of Solutions. With Applications to Photochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Elsevier Publishing Company, Amsterdam—London—New York, 1968.
B. M. Krasovitskii, B. M. Bolotin, Organicheskie lyuminofory [Organic Luminophores], Khimiya, Moscow, 1984, p. 292 (in Russian).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences M. P. Egorov on the occasion of his 60th birthday.
Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 11, pp. 2424–2429, Novemer, 2013.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Makarova, N.I., Shepelenko, E.N., Metelitsa, A.V. et al. Novel asymmetric dihetarylethenes derived from N-isopropylindole and thiophene: synthesis and photochromic properties. Russ Chem Bull 62, 2424–2429 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11172-013-0350-4
Received:
Revised:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11172-013-0350-4