Skip to main content
Log in

The Role of Metacognitive Activities in the Contextual Use of Primary Pupils' Conceptions of Science

  • Published:
Research in Science Education Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This paper addresses the problematic nature of pupils' attempts to use their science conceptions in contexts other than the ones in which the original learning of the concept takes place. It reports research with 60 Year-5 primary school children studying current electricity, during which the researcher employed metacognitive activities alongside normal teaching procedures, in an attempt to enhance cross-contextual use of taught concepts. In order to assess the effect of different contexts on pupils' performance, a test was repeatedly administered over one school year that tested the same concepts in distinctly different contexts. Although the role of a familiar context is only partly determined, the results suggest that pupils' ability to use concepts in unfamiliar contexts is stable for a long period of time. The results also support the provision of metacognitive activities as a means of enhancing pupils' ability for cross-contextual use of their conceptions of science.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Adey, P., Robertson, A., & Venville, G. (2002). Effects of a cognitive acceleration programme on Year 1 pupils. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 72(1), 1–25.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Adey, P., Shayer, M., & Yates, C. (1991). Better learning. A report from the Cognitive Acceleration through Science Education (CASE) project. London: Kings College, University of London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baird, J. R., & Mitchell, I. J. (Eds.). (1986). Improving the quality of teaching and learning: An Australian case study – The PEEL Project. Melbourne, Australia: Monash University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Billett, S. (1996). Situated learning: Bridging sociocultural and cognitive theorising. Learning and Instruction, 6(3), 263–280.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blank, L. M. (2000). A metacognitive learning cycle: A better warranty for student understanding? Science Education, 84(4), 486–506.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bliss, J., Morrison, I., & Ogborn, J. (1988). A longitudinal study of dynamics concepts. International Journal of Science Education, 10(1), 99–110.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boaler, J. (1993). Encouraging the transfer of ‘school’ mathematics to the ‘real world’ through the integration of process and content, context and culture. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 25, 341–373.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brown, A. L. (1987). Metacognition, executive control, self-regulation, and other mysterious mechanisms. In F. E. Weinert & R. H. Kluwe (Eds.), Metacognition, motivation, and understanding (pp. 65–116). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown, A. L., Bransford, J. D., Ferrara, R. A., & Campione, J. C. (1983). Learning, remembering and understanding. In J. H. Flavell & E. M. Markman (Eds.), Handbook of child psychology 3 (pp. 77–166). New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cross, D. R., & Paris, S. C. (1988). Developmental and instrumental analysis of children's metacognition and reading comprehension. Journal of Educational Psychology, 80, 131–142.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Department of Education and Science (DES). (1985). Science at age 15 – Science report for teachers No. 5. London: HMSO.

  • Detterman, D. K., & Sternberg, R. J. (Eds.). (1993). Transfer on trial: Intelligence, cognition, and instruction. Norwood, NJ: Ablex.

    Google Scholar 

  • Donaldson, M. (1978). Children's minds. London: Fontana.

    Google Scholar 

  • Donelly, J. F., & Welford, A. G. (1989). Assessing pupils' ability to generalise. International Journal of Science Education, 11, 161–171.

    Google Scholar 

  • Engel-Clough, E., & Driver, R. (1986). A study of the consistency in the use of students' conceptual frameworks across different tasks contexts. Science Education, 70(4), 473–496.

    Google Scholar 

  • Flavell, J. H. (1971). First discussant's comments. What is memory development the development of? Human Development, 14, 272–278.

    Google Scholar 

  • Flavell, J. H. (1979). Metacognition and cognitive monitoring: A new area of cognitive developmental inquiry. American Psychologist, 34, 906–911.

    Google Scholar 

  • Flavell, J. H. (1987). Speculations about the nature and development of metacognition. In F. E. Weinert & R. H. Kluwe (Eds.), Metacognition, motivation, and understanding (pp. 21–29). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Georghiades, P. (1999). Take your class skiing! Primary Science Review, 58, 15–16.

    Google Scholar 

  • Georghiades, P. (2000). Beyond conceptual change learning in science education: Focusing on transfer, durability and metacognition. Educational Research, 42(2), 119–139.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Georghiades, P. (2001a). Dimensions of ‘meta-Conceptual Change Learning’ in science education: The role of metacognition in the durability and contextual use of primary pupils' conceptions. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Surrey, Roehampton, England.

  • Georghiades, P. (2001b). ‘Situated metacognition’ and the ‘metacognitive instances’ approach: Towards the integration of metacognitive thinking into school science. In D. Psillos, P. Kariotoglou, V. Tsefles, G. Bisdikian, G. Fassoulopoulos, E. Hatzikraniotis, & M. Kallery (Eds.), Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Science Education in the Knowledge Based Society (pp. 392–396). Thessaloniki, Greece: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki & European Science Education Research Association.

    Google Scholar 

  • Georghiades, P. (2002). Making children's scientific ideas more durable, Primary Science Review, 74, 24–27.

    Google Scholar 

  • Georghiades, P. (2004). Making pupils' conceptions of electricity more durable by means of situated metacognition. International Journal of Science Education, 26(1), 85–99.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Georghiades, P., & Parla-Petrou, E. (2001, September). Diverse use of concept mapping across two domains: The cases of primary food and science education. Paper presented at the annual conference of the British Educational Research Association, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.

  • Gick, M. L., & Holyoak, K. J. (1980). Analogical problem solving. Cognitive Psychology, 12, 306–355.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gunstone, R. F. (1991). Constructivism and metacognition: Theoretical issues and classroom studies. In R. Duit, F. Goldberg, & H. Niedderer (Eds.), Research in physics learning: Theoretical issues and empirical studies (pp. 129–140). Bremen, Germany, IPN.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hacker, D. J., Dunlosky, J., & Graesser, A. C. (Eds.). (1998). Metacognition in educational theory and practice. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Karmiloff-Smith, A. (1991). Beyond modularity: Innate constraints and developmental change. In S. Carey & R. Gelman (Eds.), The epigenesis of mind (pp. 171–197). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • McKeachie, W. J. (1987). Cognitive skills and their transfer: Discussion. International Journal of Educational Research, 11(6), 707–712.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Millar, R., & Driver, R. (1987). Beyond process. Studies in Science Education, 14, 33–62.

    Google Scholar 

  • Millar, R., & Osborne, J. (Eds.). (1998). Beyond 2000. Science education for the future. London: King's College.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murphy, P. & Schofield, B. (1984). Science at age 13. Science report for teachers (No. 3). London: HMSO.

  • Nunes, T., Schliemann, A., & Carraher, D. (1993). Street mathematics and school mathematics. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Palmer, D. (1993). How consistently do students use their alternative conceptions? Research in Science Education, 23, 228–235.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Perkins, D. N., & Salomon, G. (1989). Are cognitive skills context-bound? Educational Researcher, 18(1), 16–25.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rogoff, B. (1984). Introduction: Thinking and learning in social context. In B. Rogoff & J. Lave (Eds.), Everyday cognition: Its development in social context (pp. 1–8). London: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Salomon, G., & Perkins, D. N. (1989). Rocky roads to transfer: Rethinking mechanisms of a neglected phenomenon. Educational Psychologist, 24, 113–142.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schoenfeld, A. H. (1987). What's all the fuss about metacognition? In A. H. Schoenfeld (Ed.), Cognitive science and mathematics education (pp. 189–215). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Solomon, J. (1983). Learning about energy: How pupils think in two domains. European Journal of Science Education, 5(1), 49–59.

    Google Scholar 

  • Strike, K. A., & Posner, G. J. (1985). A conceptual change view of learning and understanding. In L. H. T. West & A. L. Pines (Eds.), Cognitive structure and conceptual change (pp. 211–231). London: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Swanson, H. L. (1990). Influence of metacognitive knowledge and aptitude on problem solving, Journal of Educational Psychology, 82(2), 306–314.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Toh, K. A., & Woolnough, B. E. (1994). Science process skills: Are they generalisable? Research in Science and Technological Education, 12(1), 31–42.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tytler, R. (1994). Consistency of children's use of science conceptions: Problems with the notion of ‘conceptual change.’ Research in Science Education, 24, 338–347.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • van der Meer, F.-B., & Mastik, H. (1993). Transference to real-life contexts: Conditions for experiential learning from simulation. In F. Percival, S. Lodge, & D. Saunders (Eds.), Simulation and gaming yearbook – Developing transferable skills in education and training (Vol. 1, pp. 75–83). London: Kogan Page.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Petros Georghiades.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Georghiades, P. The Role of Metacognitive Activities in the Contextual Use of Primary Pupils' Conceptions of Science. Res Sci Educ 36, 29–49 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11165-004-3954-8

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11165-004-3954-8

Keywords

Navigation