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Applicability of mesoporous carbon-glassy polyvinyl alcohol/silica gel hybrid composite to remove methylene blue from aqueous solution

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Abstract

Methylene blue removal from aquatic environment using newly synthesized mesoporous carbon-glassy polyvinyl alcohol/silica gel composite. The mesoporous hybrid composite was characterized using several techniques, including IR, UV–Visible, TGA, surface morphological analyses images, EDX spectra and XRD. The removal method of methylene blue removal affected by factors such as increase in pH, temperature, time of adsorption, MB initial concentration and dosage of adsorbent was investigated. The elimination percentage of MB varied from 91 to 96% as the temperature increased from 293 to 323 K, respectively. The efficiency of MCPS is evident by giving a 91% removal rate for a 25 mg/L dye solution at 293 K compared to 44% for the glassy PVA/silica gel hybrid composite and 36% for mesoporous. The desorption efficiencies obtained for MCPS were 8%, 32% and 6.5% for H2O, HCl and acetic acid, respectively. The findings were processed utilizing two adsorption isotherm models in addition to kinetic models. The kinetic analysis results suggested that the pseudo-first-order model was consistent with the experimental findings. The Langmuir isotherm model was considered to be an adequate model for the uptake process. The highest capacities for uptake at 293, 303, 313 and 323 K were 13.55, 16.59, 19.81 and 25.01 mg/g, respectively. The thermodynamic parameters explained that MB removal was spontaneous and endothermic with ΔHo = 26.24 kJ/mol. From the low desorption efficiencies, we confirmed the uptake of MB by MCPS via physisorption.

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Acknowledgements

This work was funded by the Deanship of Scientific Research at Jouf University under Grant No. (DSR-2021-03-0118). The authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at Jouf University for funding this work through research grant No (DSR-2021-03-0118).

Funding

Deanship of Scientific Research at Jouf University, Grant No. (DSR-2021–03-0118).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Jouf University, 2014, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia

    Mahmoud M. Kamel, Mohamed Y. El-Sayed, Ibrahim Hotan Alsohaimi, Sabirin F. Al-Furhud & Hassan M. A. Hassan

  2. Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia

    Abdullah M. Aldawsari

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  1. Mahmoud M. Kamel
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  3. Ibrahim Hotan Alsohaimi
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MMK, MYE-S, HMAH and IA wrote the main manuscript text, and AMA and SFA-F prepared figures. All authors reviewed the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Ibrahim Hotan Alsohaimi.

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Kamel, M.M., El-Sayed, M.Y., Alsohaimi, I.H. et al. Applicability of mesoporous carbon-glassy polyvinyl alcohol/silica gel hybrid composite to remove methylene blue from aqueous solution. Res Chem Intermed 49, 3659–3679 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11164-023-05041-3

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