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Exploration of photophysical and biological attributes of red light emitting europium (III) chelates with β-keto acid and nitrogen donor ancillary ligands

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Abstract

Six scarlet photo-stimulated europium (III) complexes were synthesized by adopting grinding technique. Various spectroscopic techniques were employed to characterize the synthesized complexes, including UV–Vis, 1H-NMR, IR, and 13C-NMR, as well as mass spectrometry to determine their molecular masses. A study of the elemental composition was conducted using elemental analysis and EDAX mapping. The emission spectra of complexes displayed the characteristic peaks of europium (III) ion with the most intense peak at 616 nm due to 5D0 → 7F2 electronic transition, which was responsible for scarlet color of these complexes. The analysis of energy band gap and refractive index revealed that these complexes can be utilized in semiconductors and dye-sensitized solar cells. CIE color coordinates showed high color purity of these complexes in the red region, which attribute to the use of these complexes as a red component in lasers. Judd–Ofelt parameters were determined from emission data of europium (III) complexes, which showed the highly sensitive environment around the europium (III) ion in complexes. Laser properties such as stimulated cross section, gain bandwidth, and optical gain were investigated which has demonstrated the applicability of these complexes for laser applications. The quantum efficiency, decay time, and branching ratios suggested the use of these complexes in optoelectronic devices. The sensitization phenomena of europium (III) ions by ligand in complexes were displayed by energy transfer phenomena. Biological studies showed that complexes are more effective than ligand in pharmaceuticals.

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Acknowledgements

One of the author, Pooja Hooda appreciates the financial support from CSIR (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research) of India (09/382(0207)/2019-EMR-I) in form of a senior research fellowship (SRF) and granting funds in form of contingency. All authors acknowledge to Manoj Kumar for help in DSC analysis.

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  1. Department of Chemistry, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, India

    Pooja Hooda, R. K. Malik, Monika Sheoran, S. P. Khatkar & V. B. Taxak

  2. University Institute of Engineering and Technology (UIET), Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, India

    Pratibha Ahlawat & Rajesh Kumar

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  1. Pooja Hooda
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Contributions

PH performed experimental works, data collection, analysis, interpretation, and wrote the original manuscript. RKM contributed to technical support and editing functions of manuscript. PA contributed to the experimental and review of manuscript. MS contributed to the experimental and review of manuscript. SPK, VBT, and RK contributed to supervision, technical support, editing functions, and manuscript review.

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Hooda, P., Malik, R.K., Ahlawat, P. et al. Exploration of photophysical and biological attributes of red light emitting europium (III) chelates with β-keto acid and nitrogen donor ancillary ligands. Res Chem Intermed 49, 169–202 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11164-022-04866-8

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