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Knoevenagel condensation reactions catalyzed by nitrogen-containing mesoporous carbon materials under mild reaction conditions

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Abstract

A series of nitrogen-containing ordered mesoporous carbon (NOMC) materials have been prepared by a convenient soft-templating method. The physicochemical properties of the NOMC samples were characterized by N2 adsorption and desorption, small-angle XRD, FT-IR, XPS, and TEM. As solid base catalysts, NOMCs exhibited remarkable catalytic activities for Knoevenagel condensation reactions under mild reaction conditions, depending on their synthetic calcination temperature. Among them, NOMC-500 showed the highest catalytic activity. For Knoevenagel condensation of benzaldehyde and malononitrile, the conversion of aldehyde was higher than 85% under 50 °C. Moreover, the catalysts had good catalytic applicability for wide substrates. The catalytic activity obtained on NOMC catalyst is compared with other nitrogen-containing carbon-based materials.

Graphical abstract

Nitrogen-containing ordered mesoporous carbon materials, prepared by a soft-templating method under aqueous solution and as solid base catalysts, demonstrated high catalytic activity in Knoevenagel condensation reactions under mild reaction conditions.

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Acknowledgements

The work was supported by PetroChina Innovation Foundation (2018D-5007-0508), Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center (ACGM2016-06-28), Foundation of State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering (2017-K28), the Top-notch Academic Programs Project of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PPZY2015B145), and the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Gehu Middle Road 21, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213164, People’s Republic of China

    Bing Xue, Lin-Zhi Wen, Dan Ma, Man-Man Li & Jie Xu

  2. State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People’s Republic of China

    Bing Xue

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  1. Bing Xue
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  2. Lin-Zhi Wen
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  3. Dan Ma
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  5. Jie Xu
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Correspondence to Jie Xu.

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Xue, B., Wen, LZ., Ma, D. et al. Knoevenagel condensation reactions catalyzed by nitrogen-containing mesoporous carbon materials under mild reaction conditions. Res Chem Intermed 44, 7641–7655 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11164-018-3578-7

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