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Magnetic infrared responsive photocatalyst: fabrication, characterization, and photocatalytic performance of β-NaYF4:Yb3+,Tm3+/TiO2/Fe3O4@SiO2 composite

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Abstract

To enhance photocatalytic activity spectra area of the TiO2 based photocatalyst, and to separate and recycle photocatalyst easily, magnetic photocatalyst was prepared with β-NaYF4:Yb3+,Tm3+, TiO2, Fe3O4 as carriers, and tetraethyl orthosilicate as precursor. The magnetic infrared responsive photocatalysts were thoroughly characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, a fluorescence spectrometer and UV–Vis–NIR diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. They showed that the composite of β-NaYF4:Yb3+,Tm3+/TiO2/Fe3O4@SiO2 (UCTFS) emits visible luminescence upon 980 nm excitation, and energy transfer from β-NaYF4:Yb3+,Tm3+ to TiO2 was verified. The photocatalytic activities of the UCTFS were studied by orthogonal experiments for photodegradating methylene blue (MB). The degradation rate of MB can reach 86.69% under the optimal conditions. After the four recycles, the degradation rate remained 52.72%. It also showed that 50.27% of the degradation efficiency of phenol can be obtained under the same experimental parameters. These results suggest that magnetic UCTFS composite is stable and a magnetic NIR-driven photocatalyst for degradation of organic pollutants. Moreover, the NIR driven photocatalytic mechanism of this reported composite was proposed. The strategy suggested here may be indicated for the effective fabrication of magnetic NIR-driven photocatalyst for application in the water purification by full spectra of solar energy.

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Acknowledgements

This work is supported by the National Science Foundation of China (51478449, 51778598), Fujian Provincial Natural Science Foundation (2015J01644, 2017J01590, 2017J01710), Scientific Research Plan of Education Bureau of Fujian Province (JAT160431), Projects of Putian University (2015060, 2016015, 2016065), National College Students’ Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program Project (201711498008, 201711498006, 201811498011), and Fujian college Students’ Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program Project (201711498037).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1799, Jimei Road, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, China

    Zhangxu Chen, Ming-Lai Fu & Jia-Cheng E. Yang

  2. College of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecology-Toxicological Effects and Control for Emerging Contaminants, Putian University, No. 1133, Xueyuan Road, Putian, 351100, Fujian, China

    Zhangxu Chen & Xiao-Dan Huang

  3. Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1799, Jimei Road, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, China

    Ming-Lai Fu

  4. College of Civil Engineering, Huaqiao University, No. 668, Jimei Road, Xiamen, 361020, Fujian, China

    Xiao-Dan Huang & Baoling Yuan

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  1. Zhangxu Chen
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Chen, Z., Fu, ML., Huang, XD. et al. Magnetic infrared responsive photocatalyst: fabrication, characterization, and photocatalytic performance of β-NaYF4:Yb3+,Tm3+/TiO2/Fe3O4@SiO2 composite. Res Chem Intermed 44, 6369–6385 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11164-018-3495-9

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