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Facile production of vitamin B3 and other heterocyclic carboxylic acids using an efficient Ag/ZnO/graphene-Si hybrid nanocatalyst

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Abstract

High yield of vitamin B3 is produced using Ag/ZnO/graphene nanocomposite (1 wt%) as a nanocatalyst after its activation by a silicon precursor such as trimethylsilyl chloride(TMSCl) or tert-butyldimethylsilyl chloride (TBSCl) under visible light. TBSCl has been proved as more efficient activating agent than TMSCl in the oxidation of heterocyclic alcohol derivatives to afford their corresponding carboxylic acids. 3-Pyridinemethanol was selected to be a model substrate to test the ability of Ag/ZnO/graphene-Si nanocatalysts. The oxidation reaction of alcohols was completed in short reaction time (30–60 min) at ambient condition to yield vitamin B3 and other heterocyclic carboxylic acids in excellent yields (86–99 %). A catalytic oxidation mechanism that is based on the generation of highly active catalytic oxidation species (oxygen radicals) has been proposed. The utility of this inexpensive and recyclable catalytic system without using molecular oxygen or any oxidants make this procedure interesting from a green chemistry point of view.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by MINECO, Spain (MAT2012-36754-C02-01 and MAT2015- 67458-P), Xunta de Galicia, Spain (GRC2013-044, FEDER Funds).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Santiago de Compostela University, 15705, Santiago de Compostela, Spain

    Yasser A. Attia & Carlos Vázquez Vázquez

  2. National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences, Cairo University, Giza, 12631, Egypt

    Yasser A. Attia & Carlos Vázquez Vázquez

  3. Photochemistry Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt

    Yasser M. A. Mohamed

Authors
  1. Yasser A. Attia
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  2. Carlos Vázquez Vázquez
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  3. Yasser M. A. Mohamed
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Correspondence to Yasser A. Attia or Yasser M. A. Mohamed.

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Attia, Y.A., Vázquez, C.V. & Mohamed, Y.M.A. Facile production of vitamin B3 and other heterocyclic carboxylic acids using an efficient Ag/ZnO/graphene-Si hybrid nanocatalyst. Res Chem Intermed 43, 203–218 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11164-016-2615-7

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