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Roles and sources of B vitamins in the marine ecosystem

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Abstract

As coenzymes, B vitamins have long been studied by marine researchers. Numerous studies have been conducted on the regulation of phytoplankton communities and algal–bacterial symbiosis. However, the key role of B vitamins in marine ecosystems has not received much attention. Through documents retrieval and genetic database analysis, we concluded the sources of vitamin B1, B2, B6, B7, and B12 in the ocean and proposed their roles in marine ecosystem. Our review analysis demonstrated that producers and consumers of B vitamins are widespread in the ocean, and phytoplankton biomass and community structure are highly responsive to B vitamins. Unfortunately, the B vitamins concentration in seawater is extremely low and has been measured in very few sea areas. We have also shown that marine fish suffer from a wide variety of B vitamin deficiency symptoms when lacking sufficient B vitamins, suggesting that vitamin B restrictions are important for marine fish. On the other hand, fish provides many micronutrients that affect human health, especially for people whose primary diet is fish. We believe that B vitamins in the ocean affect marine ecosystems and fishery resources and, in turn, human health through a bottom-up approach. There are too many unknowns about the role of B vitamins in marine ecosystems, so we recommend more research on the distribution, function, and transfer of B vitamins in the ocean, as well as their effect on fishery resources.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (42230413, 41877379), the Key Special Project for Introduced Talents Team of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou) (GML2019ZD0606), the STU Scientific Research Foundation for Talents (NTF18019), the Li Ka Shing Foundation Interdisciplinary Research Project (2020LKSFG04E), and the Program for University Innovation Team of Guangdong Province (2022KCXTD008).

Funding

Funding was provided by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Numbers: 42230413 and 41877379). Key Special Project for Introduced Talents Team of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou) (Grant Number: GML2019ZD0606). STU Scientific Research Foundation for Talents (Grant Number: NTF18019). Li Ka Shing Foundation Interdisciplinary Research Project (Grant Number: 2020LKSFG04E), and the Program for University Innovation Team of Guangdong Province (Grant Number: 2022KCXTD008).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China

    Lin Wang, Hancheng Zhao, Ran Bi, Xiaohan Chen, Zhendong Lyu & Wenhua Liu

  2. Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China

    Lin Wang, Hancheng Zhao, Ran Bi, Xiaohan Chen, Zhendong Lyu & Wenhua Liu

  3. College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou, 521041, China

    Lin Wang & Xiaohan Chen

Authors
  1. Lin Wang
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  2. Hancheng Zhao
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  3. Ran Bi
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  4. Xiaohan Chen
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  5. Zhendong Lyu
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  6. Wenhua Liu
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Contributions

LW: Methodology, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing – original draft. HZ: Investigation, Formal analysis, Writing—review & editing. RB: Conceptualization, Resources, Funding acquisition, Writing—review & editing. XC: Methodology, Formal analysis, Resources. ZL: Formal analysis, Data curation, Writing—review & editing. WL: Conceptualization, Supervision, Project administration, Funding acquisition, Writing—review & editing.

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Correspondence to Ran Bi or Wenhua Liu.

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Wang, L., Zhao, H., Bi, R. et al. Roles and sources of B vitamins in the marine ecosystem. Rev Fish Biol Fisheries 34, 111–130 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11160-023-09818-y

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