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A Century of Ichthyoplankton Research in Indonesian waters: lessons from the past, challenges for the future

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Abstract

We review ichthyoplankton research history in Indonesia, which began when H.C. Delsman conducted studies on fish larvae and eggs in the northern Java region (1921–1938). The Danish 1929 eel expedition net sampling in Indonesian waters discovered an Anguilla bicolor bicolor spawning area off West Sumatra by collecting small leptocephali. After > 45 years of no fish larvae studies in Indonesian waters, the Banda Sea Indonesia-Netherlands Snellius-2 Expedition occurred (1984–1985) before a study on coastal fish larvae at Lombok Island was conducted (1995–1997). Ichthyoplankton research then occurred more frequently in the early 2000s, which started with Indonesia-Japan collaborative Isaacs-Kidd Midwater Trawl (IKMT) surveys for eel larvae (leptocephali), which discovered that some tropical anguillids make short spawning migrations, and that allowed other research, including on marine eel leptocephali. This research was followed by numerous ichthyoplankton surveys in the Indonesian Seas and coastal waters or estuaries. The ichthyoplankton research varied widely in methods, the number of taxa present, and identification levels, with studies being conducted with bongo nets, small beach seines, or push nets. The number of families detected in each region ranged from about 12–90, which included the larvae of several commercially important fish species, and learning about species such as the tunas was an important focus. However, the studies so far are insufficient to guide fisheries management, so we discuss steps to facilitate ichthyoplankton research in Indonesia, which include standardizing survey methodologies, increasing the number of researchers in this field, providing sufficient infrastructure support, and creating data sharing and specimen archiving systems.

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Acknowledgements

We thank all the funding agencies in Indonesia, especially the Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) and Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries (MMAF), for supporting the ichthyoplankton research that is overviewed in this review, and in particular from LIPI, e.g., Prof. Aprilani Soegiarto, Prof. Kasijan Rohmimotarto, Dr. Anugerah Nontji, Prof. Kurnaen Sumadhiharga, and from MMAF, e.g., Dr. Duto Nugroho, Prof. Ali Suman, and Dr. Fayakun Satria. We also thank Prof. Katsumi Tsukamoto for funding the Baruna Jaya VII research cruises to collect leptocephali (2001, 2002, 2003) in Indonesian waters as a collaborative effort between Indonesia and Japan. Many Indonesian scientists, including Ms. Sasanti R. Suharti, Dr. Triyanto, Dr. Fadli Tantu, Mr. Hanung Agus Mulyadi, and Japanese scientists, including Dr. Mari Kuroki, Dr. Yuki Minegishi, Dr. Shun Watanabe, and others, along with many technicians and students also supported the Indonesia-Japan IKMT sampling surveys.

Funding

Many of the ichthyoplankton surveys were supported by Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries (MMAF) of the Indonesian Government. The Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS) and LIPI Indonesia provided valuable support for the cruises of the R/V Baruna Jaya VII as well as the R/V Hakuho Maru.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Centre for Oceanography–BRIN, Jalan Pasir Putih I, Ancol Timur, Jakarta, 14430, Indonesia

    Augy Syahailatua, Hagi Y. Sugeha & Sam Wouthuyzen

  2. Centre for Collaborative Research on Aquatic Ecosystem in Eastern Indonesia, Jalan Dr. J. Leimena, Poka, Ambon, 97234, Indonesia

    Augy Syahailatua & Sam Wouthuyzen

  3. Research Centre for Fishery–BRIN, Jalan Raya Bogor KM 46, Cibinong, Bogor, 16912, Indonesia

    Muhammad Taufik & Karsono Wagiyo

  4. Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Jl. Lingkar Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia

    Charles P. H. Simanjuntak

  5. Department of Aquatic Bioscience, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan

    Michael J. Miller

  6. Otsuchi Coastal Research Center, The Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Otsuchi, Iwate, 028-1102, Japan

    Jun Aoyama

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  1. Augy Syahailatua
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Contributions

AS and SW conceptualized the review, all authors participated in at least some of the sampling surveys, which were for leptocephali (SW, HYS, MJM, JA, AS) or fish larvae (MT, KW, and CPHS). AS, MT, and KW tabulated the catch data for the tables, and AS, MT, KW, and MJM worked on figure materials. AS wrote the manuscript with the assistance of MJM and all authors evaluated the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Augy Syahailatua.

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Syahailatua, A., Taufik, M., Wagiyo, K. et al. A Century of Ichthyoplankton Research in Indonesian waters: lessons from the past, challenges for the future. Rev Fish Biol Fisheries 34, 1–18 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11160-023-09802-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11160-023-09802-6

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