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The intrinsic vulnerability to fishing of coral reef fishes and their differential recovery in fishery closures

Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries volume 24, pages 1033–1063 (2014)Cite this article

Abstract

Coral reef fishes differ in their intrinsic vulnerability to fishing and rates of population recovery after cessation of fishing. We reviewed life history-based predictions about the vulnerability of different groups of coral reef fish and examined the empirical evidence for different rates of population recovery inside no-take marine reserves to (1) determine if the empirical data agree with predictions about vulnerability and (2) show plausible scenarios of recovery within fully protected reserves and periodically-harvested fishery closures. In general, larger-bodied carnivorous reef fishes are predicted to be more vulnerable to fishing while smaller-bodied species lower in the food web (e.g., some herbivores) are predicted to be less vulnerable. However, this prediction does not always hold true because of the considerable diversity of life history strategies in reef fishes. Long-term trends in reef fish population recovery inside no-take reserves are consistent with broad predictions about vulnerability, suggesting that moderately to highly vulnerable species will require a significantly longer time (decades) to attain local carrying capacity than less vulnerable species. We recommend: (1) expanding age-based demographic studies of economically and ecologically important reef fishes to improve estimates of vulnerability; (2) long term (20–40 years), if not permanent, protection of no-take reserves to allow full population recovery and maximum biomass export; (3) strict compliance to no-take reserves to avoid considerable delays in recovery; (4) carefully controlling the timing and intensity of harvesting periodic closures to ensure long-term fishery benefits; (5) the use of periodically-harvested closures together with, rather than instead of, permanent no-take reserves.

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Acknowledgments

This paper is based on a review commissioned by The Nature Conservancy with support from the U.S. Agency for International Development of the United States Government (USAID) funded Coral Triangle Support Partnership (CTSP). CTSP is a consortium led by the Word Wildlife Fund, the Nature Conservancy and Conservation International. Funding was made possible by the generous support of the American people through USAID Project Number: GCP LWA Award # LAG-A-00-99-00048-00. The contents are the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID. We thank two anonymous reviewers whose excellent comments and suggestions greatly improved the paper. We are grateful to Alan White and Andrew Smith for making this work possible.

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  1. Silliman University-Angelo King Center for Research and Environmental Management (SUAKCREM), Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental, Philippines

    Rene A. Abesamis & Claro Renato L. Jadloc

  2. Indo-Pacific Division, The Nature Conservancy, Brisbane, QLD, Australia

    Alison L. Green

  3. School of Marine and Tropical Biology and Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia

    Garry R. Russ

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  1. Rene A. Abesamis
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Correspondence to Rene A. Abesamis.

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Abesamis, R.A., Green, A.L., Russ, G.R. et al. The intrinsic vulnerability to fishing of coral reef fishes and their differential recovery in fishery closures. Rev Fish Biol Fisheries 24, 1033–1063 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11160-014-9362-x

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