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Salmon ocean migration models suggest a variety of population-specific strategies

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Abstract

Many species of salmon around the world migrate to open ocean environments for multiple years and then return to their natal rivers to spawn. How exactly salmon are able to execute these long distance migrations, and the impact of environmental conditions on migration behavior, is not well understood. Individual based modeling is one tool that has been used to explore salmon migration in the ocean. Although models are usually not able to confirm whether a particular behavior is used, they can rule out some behaviors as unrealistic. An extensive review of published literature suggests that there is no universal migration behavior. Behaviors that fish use to navigate depend on where they are in the ocean relative to where they are going, as well as the ocean flows and conditions along the way. Future models of salmon migration should be flexible and at an appropriate scale to capture variable oceanographic conditions and fish responses.

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Acknowledgments

This work was made possible by NOAA CINAR No.NA09OAR4320129 and funding from NOAA Fisheries. Thank you to John Kocik, Kathy Mills and Chloe Bracis for their thoughtful and helpful comments.

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  1. Marine Sciences Department, University of New England, 11 Hills Beach Road, Biddeford, ME, 04005, USA

    Carrie J. Byron

  2. Fish Ecology Division, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, 2725 Montlake Boulevard East, Seattle, WA, 98112, USA

    Brian J. Burke

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  1. Carrie J. Byron
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Correspondence to Carrie J. Byron.

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Byron, C.J., Burke, B.J. Salmon ocean migration models suggest a variety of population-specific strategies. Rev Fish Biol Fisheries 24, 737–756 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11160-014-9343-0

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