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Modeling chemical kinetics of papaya seed oil transesterification in synthesizing papaya seed oil methyl ester

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Abstract

The modeling of the chemical kinetics of the transesterification of papaya seed oil (PSO) heterogeneously catalyzed using a novel catalyst, calcined hybrid banana and plantain peel ash (CHBPPA) catalyst in papaya seed oil methyl ester synthesis (PSOME) was investigated. The synthesized catalyst (CHBPPA) properties were ascertained using EDAX and BET. GC–MS was used to ascertain the distribution of the transesterified products. The kinetic study was conducted at the reaction conditions of temperatures of 50 °C, 55 °C, 60 °C, agitation speed of 600 rpm, methanol/oil molar ratio of 9:1, CHBPPA catalyst amount of 2.5 wt% and time range of 0–2 h. Two elementary reaction mechanisms; Eley–Rideal (ER) and Langmuir–Hinshelwood–Hougen–Watson (LHHW) were used for the kinetics study. A kinetic model based on methanol adsorption as rate-limiting step (RLS) in LHHW reaction mechanism is the most reliable representation of the experimental data. The kinetic and thermodynamic parameters were determined from the RLS of the transesterification reaction. The activation energy and frequency factor of the forward reaction were determined as 24.3 kJ/mol and 1.42 × 1039/h. The enthalpy change ∆H, entropy change ∆S, and Gibb’s free energy ∆G of the process were determined to be 24.3 kJ/mol, 75 kJ/mol/K and 1382 kJ. The extrapolative power of the developed model was verified by fitting the experimental data with proven satisfactory correlation.

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Acknowledgements

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Madonna University Akpugo Campus, Enugu State, Nigeria

    C. B. Ezekannagha

  2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria

    O. D. Onukwuli

  3. Department of Petroleum Engineering, Madonna University Akpugo Campus, Enugu State, Nigeria

    C. M. Ohaegbulam

  4. Department of Polymer and Textile Engineering, Federal University of Technology Owerri, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria

    D. I. Udunwa

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  1. C. B. Ezekannagha
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  2. O. D. Onukwuli
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  3. C. M. Ohaegbulam
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  4. D. I. Udunwa
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Contributions

Conceptualization, methodology, investigation, writing—original draft preparation: [CBE]; Writing—review and editing: [CMO]; Supervision: [ODO]: Formal analysis and proof reading: [DIU].

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Correspondence to C. B. Ezekannagha.

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Ezekannagha, C.B., Onukwuli, O.D., Ohaegbulam, C.M. et al. Modeling chemical kinetics of papaya seed oil transesterification in synthesizing papaya seed oil methyl ester. Reac Kinet Mech Cat 137, 91–113 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11144-023-02522-9

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