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Evaluation of K/SnO2 performance as a solid catalyst in the trans-esterification of a mixed plant oil

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Abstract

In this investigation, a heterogeneous acid–base catalyst for biodiesel production was synthesized by the impregnation method. Tin oxide as an acidic material was obtained by hydrolysis of tin di-chloride and followed by impregnation with K2CO3 solution. The temperature of 65 °C, the methanol to oil molar ratio of 12:1, 3 wt% of catalyst in the reaction mixture, molar ratio of K:Sn = 2:1, the reaction time of 1.5 h were determined as the optimum conditions of trans-esterification reaction under studied conditions. The yield of reaction was calculated to be 97.5% under the optimum conditions. Reaching a high yield of 90% in a short time (30 min) of the trans-esterification reaction shows strong performance of the catalyst for biodiesel production. The advantages of using K/SnO2 catalyst were compared with the homogeneous catalyst KOH and heterogeneous catalyst K/γ-Al2O3 and it was found that K/SnO2 catalyst has enhanced leaching stability compared to KOH and K/γ-Al2O3 catalysts with less washing required for the methyl ester phase.

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Acknowledgements

The financial support of Vice-Presidency for Science and Technology, Presidency of the Islamic Republic of Iran is gratefully acknowledged. We acknowledge Shakhe Zeytoon Lian Inspection for its generous support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Petroleum, Gas and Petrochemical Engineering, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, 75169-13817, Iran

    Fatemeh Goudarzi & Ali Izadbakhsh

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  1. Fatemeh Goudarzi
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  2. Ali Izadbakhsh
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Correspondence to Ali Izadbakhsh.

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Goudarzi, F., Izadbakhsh, A. Evaluation of K/SnO2 performance as a solid catalyst in the trans-esterification of a mixed plant oil. Reac Kinet Mech Cat 121, 539–553 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11144-017-1176-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11144-017-1176-0

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