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Comparison of the anxiety, depression and their relationship to quality of life among adult acute leukemia patients and their family caregivers: a cross-sectional study in China

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Abstract

Purpose

To compare the anxiety, depression and explore their relationship to quality of life (QoL) among adult acute leukemia (AL) patients and family caregivers (FCs) in China.

Methods

A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2017 to January 2018. The sample comprised 207 dyads of adult AL patients and FCs. The participants were required to complete socio-demographic information and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Leukemia (FACT-Leu, only for patients) and MOS 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36, only for FCs) were used to measure QoL.

Results

The mean scores of anxiety and depression for AL patients were 7.89 ± 3.85 and 7.18 ± 4.23, respectively. For FCs, the mean scores of anxiety and depression were 9.96 ± 3.73 and 8.64 ± 3.74. In this study, adult AL Patients’ sex, patients’ depression score, whether patients achieving a CR or not, education, FCs’ depression score, patients’ social/family well-being and emotional well-being were significantly associated with patients’ anxiety or depression (p < 0.05). For FCs, depression was significantly related to the physical component summary (β = 0.127, p = 0.008). There were significant differences in anxiety (t = − 5.92, p < 0.001) and depression (t = − 4.19, p < 0.001) between patients and FCs.

Conclusions

AL patients’ FCs showed higher score of anxiety and depression than that of patients. The psychological health may have a potential relationship between AL patients and their FCs. Healthcare professionals can conduct family-center interventions to improve mental health and QoL of AL patients and FCs.

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Data availability

The datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Abbreviations

AL:

Acute leukemia

ALL:

Acute lymphocytic leukemia

AML:

Acute myeloid leukemia

EWB:

Emotional well-being

FC:

Family caregiver

FWB:

Functional well-being

HADS:

The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale

HAS:

Anxiety subscale of HADS

HDS:

Depression subscale of HADS

LEUS:

The leukemia-specific subscale

MCS:

Component summary

PCS:

Physical component summary

PWB:

Physical well-being

QoL:

Quality of life

SD:

Standard deviation

SWB:

Social/family well-being domain

SWB:

Social/family well-being

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Acknowledgements

The authors are especially grateful to Hairong Zhang for his kind help in statistics. The authors gratefully thank the support from the related hospitals and all the participants for their contribution in this study. The authors have full control of all primary data and agree to allow the journal to review the data, if necessary. The authors thank the Scientific Research Talents Training Project from the Fujian Province Health Commission (Grant No. 2018-ZQN-63) and Nature Science Foundation of Fujian Provincial (Grant No. 2019J01684).

Funding

This study was supported by the Scientific Research Talents Training Project from the Fujian Province Health Commission (Grant No. 2018-ZQN-63) and Nature Science Foundation of Fujian Provincial (Grant No. 2019J01684).

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Author notes

  1. Ying Wang and Jie Yan are first co-authors.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China

    Ying Wang, Jie Yan, JingYi Chen, ChunFeng Wang & Rong Hu

  2. Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian University, NO.1 Xueyuan Road, Shangjie Town, Minhou County, Fuzhou City, 350122, Fujian Province, China

    YingChun Lin

  3. Department of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Institute of Hematology, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, China

    Yong Wu

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  1. Ying Wang
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Contributions

YW and JY have contributed to the work equally; RH was responsible for the study conception and design; YW were responsible for manuscript preparation; YW, JY, JC and CW contributed to data acquisition, analysis, and interpretation; YL contributed to the review of the data; RH and YW contributed to the critical revision of the manuscript, obtained funding, and supervised the research.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Yong Wu or Rong Hu.

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Conflict of interest

The authors have no funding or conflicts of interest to disclose.

Ethical approval

The study was approved by the Biological and Medical Research Ethics Committee of Fujian Medical university (IRB Ref No: 2017/00049) in September 2017. No study procedures were performed before subjects signed informed consent forms.

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Wang, Y., Yan, J., Chen, J. et al. Comparison of the anxiety, depression and their relationship to quality of life among adult acute leukemia patients and their family caregivers: a cross-sectional study in China. Qual Life Res 30, 1891–1901 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-021-02785-6

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