Abstract
Purpose
Little is known about health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (CHB) infection in the United States. Our goal is to understand factors associated with HRQoL in this population.
Methods
We conducted a survey to assess HRQoL and behavioral risks among patients with CHB infection from four large U.S. health care systems. Primary outcomes were generated from the SF-8 scale to assess HRQoL, as measured by the mental component scores (MCS) and physical component scores (PCS). The survey also measured socio-demographic information, hepatitis-related behavioral risk factors, treatment exposure/history, stress, and social support. We supplemented survey data with electronic health records data on patient income, insurance, disease severity, and comorbidities. Multivariate analysis was used to estimate and compare adjusted least square means of MCS and PCS, and examine which risk factors were associated with lower MCS and PCS.
Results
Nine hundred sixty-nine patients (44.6%) responded to the survey. Current life stressors and unemployment were associated with both lower MCS and PCS results in multivariate analyses. Lower MCS was also associated with White race and low social support, while lower PCS was also associated with Medicaid insurance.
Conclusions
Stressful life events and unemployment were related to mental and physical health status of CHB patients. Those who have social support have better mental health; White and Medicaid patients are more likely to have poorer mental and physical health, respectively. Management of CHB patients should include stress management, social support, and financial or employment assistance.
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Acknowledgements
The CHeCS Investigators include the following investigators and sites: Scott D. Holmberg, Eyasu H. Teshale, Philip R. Spradling, Anne C. Moorman, Jian Xing, and Yuna Zhong, Division of Viral Hepatitis; National Centers for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHHSTP), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia; Stuart C. Gordon, David R. Nerenz, Mei Lu, Lois Lamerato, Jia Li, Loralee B. Rupp, Nonna Akkerman, Nancy Oja-Tebbe, Talan Zhang, Sheri Trudeau, and Yueren Zhou, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan; Joseph A. Boscarino, Zahra S. Daar, and Robert E. Smith, Department of Epidemiology and Health Services Research, Geisinger Clinic, Danville, Pennsylvania; Yihe G. Daida, Connie Mah Trinacty, Jonathan W. Lai, and Carmen P. Wong, Center for Integrated Health Care Research, Kaiser Permanente-Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii; Mark A. Schmidt and Judy L. Donald, The Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente-Northwest, Portland, OR.
Disclaimer
The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Funding
This study was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and from Gilead Sciences. CHeCS was previously funded through May 2016 by the CDC Foundation, which received grants from AbbVie; Genentech, A Member of the Roche Group; Gilead Sciences; Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Vertex Pharmaceuticals; past partial funders include Bristol-Myers Squibb. Granting corporations do not have access to CHeCS data and do not contribute to data analysis or writing of manuscripts.
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Stuart C. Gordon receives grant/research support from AbbVie Pharmaceuticals, Conatus, CymaBay, Gilead Sciences, Intercept Pharmaceuticals, and Merck. He is also a consultant/advisor for Dova Pharmaceuticals and Intercept and serves as a speaker/teacher in programs sponsored by Dova. Mei Lu, Joseph A. Boscarino, Mark A. Schmidt, Yihe G. Daida, and Loralee B. Rupp receive research grant support from Gilead Sciences and Intercept Pharmaceuticals. Eyasu H. Teshale, Anne C. Moorman, and Philip R. Spradling have no conflicts of interest to report.
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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The study protocol was reviewed and approved by an Institutional Review Board at each participating study site.
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The IRB has waived Informed Consent and Authorization for the use of electronic health records in this study. Passive informed consent was obtained from all individual participants who completed the study survey.
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for the Chronic Hepatitis Cohort Study Investigators are listed in “Acknowledgements”.
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Daida, Y.G., Boscarino, J.A., Moorman, A.C. et al. Mental and physical health status among chronic hepatitis B patients. Qual Life Res 29, 1567–1577 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-020-02416-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-020-02416-6