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Validation of the Malay version of the Quality of Life Questionnaire of the European Foundation for Osteoporosis (QUALEFFO-41) in Malaysia

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Abstract

Purpose

To assess the validity and reliability of the Malay version of the Quality of Life (QOL) Questionnaire of the European Foundation for Osteoporosis (QUALEFFO-41) in Malaysia.

Methods

The QUALEFFO-41 was translated from English to Malay and administered to 215 post-menopausal osteoporotic women ≥50 years who could understand Malay, at baseline and 4 weeks. The SF-36 was administered at baseline to assess convergent validity. To assess discriminative validity, patients with and without back pain were recruited.

Results

Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the QUALEFFO-41 had five domains. Good internal consistency was seen in all domains (0.752–0.925) except for the social activity domain (0.692). Test–retest reliability showed adequate correlation for all items (0.752–0.964, p < 0.001). Patients with back pain had significantly worse QOL compared with those without (back pain = 42.2 ± 10.9, no back pain = 33.3 ± 8.9; p < 0.001). The total QUALEFFO-41 score and the SF-36 physical and mental composite scores were significantly correlated (−0.636 and −0.529, p < 0.001, respectively).

Conclusions

The Malay version of the QUALEFFO-41 was found to be a reliable and valid instrument to evaluate the QOL of osteoporotic patients in Malaysia. To enable the QUALEFFO-41 to be used in a multiracial population, further studies should look into validating other versions of the QUALEFFO-41 in Malaysia.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank: the staff at the osteoporosis and primary care clinics and radiology for their assistance in referring participants, and all participants of this study. This project was funded by the Postgraduate Research Fund P0057-2012B, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Conflict of interest

Thiagarajan Nagammai, Mohamed Mohazmi, Su-May Liew, Karuthan Chinna and Pauline Siew Mei Lai declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Primary Care Medicine, University of Malaya Primary Care Research Group (UMPCRG), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Thiagarajan Nagammai, Mohamed Mohazmi, Su May Liew & Pauline Siew Mei Lai

  2. Department of Social Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Karuthan Chinna

  3. Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Pauline Siew Mei Lai

Authors
  1. Thiagarajan Nagammai
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  2. Mohamed Mohazmi
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  3. Su May Liew
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  4. Karuthan Chinna
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  5. Pauline Siew Mei Lai
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Pauline Siew Mei Lai.

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Nagammai, T., Mohazmi, M., Liew, S.M. et al. Validation of the Malay version of the Quality of Life Questionnaire of the European Foundation for Osteoporosis (QUALEFFO-41) in Malaysia. Qual Life Res 24, 2031–2037 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-015-0933-7

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