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Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestion, Bioaccessibility and Antioxidant Capacity of Polyphenols from Red Chiltepin (Capsicum annuum L. Var. glabriusculum) Grown in Northwest Mexico

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Abstract

Chiltepin, a wild chili mostly used in different traditional foods and traditional medicine in Northwest Mexico, represents a source of polyphenols. However, studies about the bioaccessibility of polyphenols as a parameter to measure the nutritional quality and bioefficacy of them in the fruit after consumption are scarce. Chiltepin showed phenolic acids and flavonoids contents between 387 and 65 μg/g, respectively. Nevertheless, these values decreased after the digestion process. Before digestion, gallic acid, 4-hydroxibenzoinc acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, quercetin and luteolin were the main polyphenols found in chiltepin by HPLC-DAD and confirmed by FIA-ESI-IT-MS/MS. Gallic and chlorogenic acids were non-detected in the gastric phase, while only p-coumaric acid (5.35 ± 3.89 μg/g), quercetin (5.91 ± 0.92 μg/g) and luteolin (2.86 ± 0.62 μg/g) were found in the intestinal phase. The bioaccessibility of phenolic acids, flavonoids, and total polyphenols after the intestinal phase was around 24, 17 and 23%, respectively. Overall, results indicated that release of polyphenols from chiltepin fruit might be affected by the food matrix and gastrointestinal conditions due to the low bioaccessibility values observed.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank CONACYT (291126-UNISON MOD.ORD./68/2016) for the support given during this research. We also thank to chiltepin farmers: Juan Bautista Teran Fraijo and María del Socorro Fraijo Encinas for the facilities provided to get the wild seeds and fruits of chiltepin.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas de la Universidad de Sonora, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Donaldo Colosio s/n, entre Reforma y Sahuaripa. Edificio 7G, Col. Centro, C.P. 83000, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico

    Maribel Ovando-Martínez, Nohemí Gámez-Meza, Claudia Celeste Molina-Domínguez, Corina Hayano-Kanashiro & Luis Angel Medina-Juárez

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  1. Maribel Ovando-Martínez
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  2. Nohemí Gámez-Meza
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  3. Claudia Celeste Molina-Domínguez
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  4. Corina Hayano-Kanashiro
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Correspondence to Maribel Ovando-Martínez or Luis Angel Medina-Juárez.

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All the authors declare they have no conflict of interest. This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects.

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Ovando-Martínez, M., Gámez-Meza, N., Molina-Domínguez, C.C. et al. Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestion, Bioaccessibility and Antioxidant Capacity of Polyphenols from Red Chiltepin (Capsicum annuum L. Var. glabriusculum) Grown in Northwest Mexico. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 73, 116–121 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-018-0669-y

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