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Characterization and Comparison of Protein and Peptide Profiles and their Biological Activities of Improved Common Bean Cultivars (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) from Mexico and Brazil

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Abstract

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a good source of protein, vitamins, minerals and complex carbohydrates. The objective was to compare protein profile, including anti-nutrient proteins, and potential bioactive peptides of improved common bean cultivars grown in Mexico and Brazil. Bean protein isolates (BPI) were prepared from 15 common bean cultivars and hydrolyzed using pepsin/pancreatin. Thirteen proteins were identified by SDS-PAGE and protein in-gel tryptic-digestion-LC/MS. Protein profile was similar among common bean cultivars with high concentrations of defense-related proteins. Major identified proteins were phaseolin, lectin, protease and α-amylase inhibitors. Lectin (159.2 to 357.9 mg lectin/g BPI), Kunitz trypsin inhibitor (inh) (4.3 to 75.5 mg trypsin inh/g BPI), Bowman-Birk inhibitor (5.4 to 14.3 μg trypsin-chymotrypsin inh/g BPI) and α-amylase inhibitor activity (2.5 to 14.9 % inhibition relative to acarbose/mg BPI) were higher in Mexican beans compared to Brazilian beans. Abundant peptides were identified by HPLC-MS/MS with molecular masses ranging from 300 to 1500 Da and significant sequences were SGAM, DSSG, LLAH, YVAT, EPTE and KPKL. Potential bioactivities of sequenced peptides were angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE), dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitor (DPP-IV) and antioxidant capacity. Peptides from common bean proteins presented potential biological activities related to control of hypertension and type-2 diabetes.

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Abbreviations

AC:

Acarbose

BBI:

Bowman-Birk inhibitor

BPI:

Bean protein isolate

BRS:

Brazilian

FJ:

Flor de Junio

FM:

Flor de Mayo

GI:

Gastrointestinal

inh:

Inhibitor

KTI:

Kunitz trypsin inhibitor

PCA:

Principal component analysis

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Acknowledgments

Authors thank Ing. José Ángel Cid Ríos, Dr. Jorge Acosta-Gallegos and Dr. Hercia Stampini Duarte Marino for providing bean samples from Mexico and Brazil.

Funding sources

LM was supported by Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia CONACyT—Mexico. Funds provided by a research partnership National University, México / University of Illinois.

Conflict of Interest

Luis Mojica does not have a Conflict of Interest.

Elvira Gonzalez de Mejia does not have a Conflict of Interest.

This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 228 ERML, MC-051, 1201 West Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA

    Luis Mojica & Elvira González de Mejía

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  1. Luis Mojica
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  2. Elvira González de Mejía
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Correspondence to Elvira González de Mejía.

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Mojica, L., de Mejía, E.G. Characterization and Comparison of Protein and Peptide Profiles and their Biological Activities of Improved Common Bean Cultivars (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) from Mexico and Brazil. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 70, 105–112 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-015-0477-6

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