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Neuroimaging Methods for Adolescent Substance Use Disorder Prevention Science

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Abstract

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methods safely provide in vivo indicators of cerebral macrostructure, microstructure, and activation that can be examined in relation to substance use disorder (SUD) risks and effects. This article will provide an overview of MRI approaches, including volumetric measures, diffusion tensor imaging, and functional MRI, that have been applied to studies of adolescent neuromaturation in relationship to risk phenotypes and adolescent SUD. To illustrate these applications, examples of research findings will be presented. MRI indicators have demonstrated that neurobiological maturation continues throughout adolescence. MRI research has suggested that variations in neurobiological maturation may contribute to SUD risk, and that substance use adversely influences adolescent brain development. Directly measured neurobiological variables may be viable preventive intervention targets and outcome indicators. Further research is needed to provide definitive findings on neurodevelopmental immaturity as an SUD risk and to determine the directions such observations suggest for advancing prevention science.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Medicine and the School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

    D. B. Clark

  2. School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

    T. Chung, S. Pajtek, E. Long & B. Hasler

  3. School Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

    Z. Zhai

  4. Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, 3811 O’Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA

    D. B. Clark

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  1. D. B. Clark
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Correspondence to D. B. Clark.

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Special Issue: Translation and Integration of Biological Research into Prevention Science, Eds. Fishbein D, Ridenour T (invited article)

This research was supported by NIH [P50DA05605, R21AA016272, K02AA00291, K01DA018698, R01AA13419, K02AA018195, K01DA032557, R01AA014357, U01AA021690] and the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania [PA-HEAL SPH00010].

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Clark, D.B., Chung, T., Pajtek, S. et al. Neuroimaging Methods for Adolescent Substance Use Disorder Prevention Science. Prev Sci 14, 300–309 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-012-0323-0

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