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Effects of excess light energy on excitation-energy dynamics in a pennate diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum

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Abstract

Controlling excitation energy flow is a fundamental ability of photosynthetic organisms to keep a better performance of photosynthesis. Among the organisms, diatoms have unique light-harvesting complexes, fucoxanthin chlorophyll (Chl) a/c-binding proteins. We have recently investigated light-adaptation mechanisms of a marine centric diatom, Chaetoceros gracilis, by spectroscopic techniques. However, it remains unclear how pennate diatoms regulate excitation energy under different growth light conditions. Here, we studied light-adaptation mechanisms in a marine pennate diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum grown at 30 µmol photons m−2 s−1 and further incubated for 24 h either in the dark, or at 30 or 300 µmol photons m−2 s−1 light intensity, by time-resolved fluorescence (TRF) spectroscopy. The high-light incubated cells showed no detectable oxygen-evolving activity of photosystem II, indicating the occurrence of a severe photodamage. The photodamaged cells showed alterations of steady-state absorption and fluorescence spectra and TRF spectra compared with the dark and low-light adapted cells. In particular, excitation-energy quenching is significantly accelerated in the photodamaged cells as shown by mean lifetime analysis of the Chl fluorescence. These spectral changes by the high-light treatment may result from arrangements of pigment–protein complexes to maintain the photosynthetic performance under excess light illumination. These growth-light dependent spectral properties in P. tricornutum are largely different from those in C. gracilis, thus providing insights into the different light-adaptation mechanisms between the pennate and centric diatoms.

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Abbreviations

Chl:

Chlorophyll

DI:

Dark incubated

FCP:

Fucoxanthin chlorophyll a/c-binding protein

FDA:

Fluorescence decay-associated

HI:

High-light incubated

LI:

Low-light incubated

OD750:

Optical density at 750 nm

PPFD:

Photosynthetic photon flux density

PSI:

Photosystem I

PSII:

Photosystem II

RC:

Reaction center

TRF:

Time-resolved fluorescence

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from Japan Society for the Promotion of Science JP17K07442 (to R. N.), JP17H06433 (to J.-R. S.), and JP16H06553 (to S. A.).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan

    Ryo Nagao & Jian-Ren Shen

  2. Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan

    Yoshifumi Ueno & Seiji Akimoto

  3. Nippon Flour Mills Co., Ltd, Innovation Center, Atsugi, 243-0041, Japan

    Makio Yokono

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  1. Ryo Nagao
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  2. Yoshifumi Ueno
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  3. Makio Yokono
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Correspondence to Ryo Nagao or Seiji Akimoto.

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Nagao, R., Ueno, Y., Yokono, M. et al. Effects of excess light energy on excitation-energy dynamics in a pennate diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Photosynth Res 141, 355–365 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11120-019-00639-4

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