Abstract
Better understanding of photosynthetic efficiency under fluctuating light requires a specific approach to characterize the dynamics of energy dissipation in photosystem II. In this study, we characterized the interaction between the regulated YNPQ and non-regulated YNO energy dissipation in outdoor- and indoor-grown sunflower leaves exposed to repetitive cycles of sinusoidal lights of five amplitudes (200, 400, 600, 800, 1000 µmol m−2 s−1) and periods (20, 40, 60, 90, 120 s). The different light cycles induced various patterns of ChlF emission, from which were calculated the complementary quantum yields of photochemical energy conversion YII, light-regulated YNPQ, and non-regulated YNO non-photochemical energy dissipation. During the light cycles, YNO varied in complex but small patterns relative to those of YNPQ, whose variations were mostly mirrored by changes in YII. The YNO patterns could be decomposed by fast Fourier transform into a main (MH) and several upper harmonics (UH). Concerning YNPQ dynamics, they were described by sinusoidal regressions with two components, one constant during the light cycles but increasing with the average light intensity (YNPQc), and one variable (YNPQv). Formation and relaxation of YNPQv followed the intensity of the sinusoidal lights, with lags ranging from 5 to 13 s. These lags decreased with the amplitude of the incident light, and were shorter by 37% in outdoor than indoor leaves. YNPQv and UHs responses to the growth conditions, amplitudes, and the periods of the sinusoidal light were closely correlated (r = 0.939), whereas MH and YNPQc varied similarly (r = 0.803). The analysis of ChlF induced by sinusoidal lights may be a useful tool to better understand the dynamics of energy dissipation in PSII under fluctuating lights.
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Abbreviations
- ChlF:
-
Chlorophyll a fluorescence
- FFT:
-
Fast Fourier transform
- qE:
-
Energy-quenching
- MH:
-
Main (first) harmonic of the ChlF patterns induced by sinusoidal lights
- ΣUH:
-
Sum of the amplitudes of the upper harmonics (n ≤ 2) of the ChlF patterns induced by sinusoidal lights
- PFD:
-
Photon flux density
- PSII, PSI:
-
Photosystem II, photosystem I
- YII:
-
Quantum yield of photochemical energy conversion in PS II
- YNPQ:
-
Quantum yield of light-regulated non-photochemical energy dissipation in PS II
- YNO:
-
Quantum yield of non-regulated non-photochemical energy dissipation in PS II
- YNPQc, YNPQv:
-
Constant and variable portions of YNPQ measured during a cycle of sinusoidal light
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A financial support from the Groupe de Recherche en Biologie Végétale of the Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières is gratefully acknowledged.
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Samson, G., Bonin, L. & Maire, V. Dynamics of regulated YNPQ and non-regulated YNO energy dissipation in sunflower leaves exposed to sinusoidal lights. Photosynth Res 141, 315–330 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11120-019-00633-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11120-019-00633-w