Abstract
Siphonous green algae, a type of deep-sea green algae, appear olive drab and utilize blue–green light for photosynthesis. A siphonous green alga, Codium (C.) intricatum, was isolated from Okinawa prefecture in Japan, and a clonal algal culture in filamentous form was established. The major light-harvesting antenna was analogous to the trimeric LHCII found in higher plants, but the C. intricatum complex contained an unusual carbonyl carotenoid siphonaxanthin. Culture conditions were optimized to achieve high siphonaxanthin content in intact lyophilized filamentous bodies. Interestingly, the carotenoid composition was different when cultured under high irradiance: all-trans neoxanthin was accumulated in addition to the normal 9′-cis form in whole cell extract. Resonance Raman spectra of intact filamentous bodies, cultured under high- and low-light conditions, confirmed the accumulation of all-trans neoxanthin under high irradiance conditions. A plausible function of the presence of all-trans neoxanthin will be discussed in relation to the regulation against high light stress.
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Abbreviations
- C:
-
Codium
- Sx:
-
Siphonaxanthin
- Sn:
-
Siphonaxanthin ester
- tNx:
-
All-trans neoxanthin
- 9cNx:
-
9′-cis neoxanthin
- Vx:
-
Violaxanthin
- Chl:
-
Chlorophyll
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Acknowledgments
This work was supported by Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI Grant-in-Aid for JSPS fellows Numbers 254,691 to CU. This work was also supported by a Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO) grant to RF. This work was partially supported by a Scientific Research on Innovative Areas “All Nippon Artificial Photosynthesis Project for Living Earth (AnApple)” Grant (No. 24107002) from the JSPS to HH. HH also thanks the Human Frontier Science Program for financial support.
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Uragami, C., Galzerano, D., Gall, A. et al. Light-dependent conformational change of neoxanthin in a siphonous green alga, Codium intricatum, revealed by Raman spectroscopy. Photosynth Res 121, 69–77 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11120-014-0011-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11120-014-0011-y