Abstract
This work is focused on the modeling and performance investigation of a 2 × 20 Gbit/s–40 GHz hybrid mode division multiplexing–orthogonal frequency division multiplexing-based radio over free space optics (RoFSO) transmission system under the influence of different weather conditions. The performance of the proposed system has been compared for 4-quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), differential quadrature phase-shift keying, 16-QAM, and 32-QAM modulation schemes using error vector magnitude, optical signal-to-noise ratio requirement, and maximum link reach as the performance metrics. The results show that 4-QAM scheme demonstrates the best performance. The proposed RoFSO transmission system incorporating 4-QAM modulation demonstrates a successful transmission of 2 × 20 Gbit/s–40 GHz information over 104 km link range under clear weather conditions. Also, the maximum link range using the proposed system is reported as 4.52 km under light fog, 2.78 km under moderate fog, and 2.11 km under heavy fog conditions. Further, the performance of the proposed system has been compared with the previously reported literature which shows that the proposed system has a better figure of merit (information rate × transmission distance). The presented work can be used to implement a spectrum efficient, high-speed, long-haul information transmission system for future wireless networks.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Khalighi, M., Uysal, M.: Survey on free space optical communication: a communication theory perspective. IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutor. 16(4), 2231–2258 (2014)
Chaudhary, S., Amphawan, A.: Solid core PCF-based mode selector for MDM–Ro-FSO transmission systems. Photonics Netw. Commun. 36(2), 263–271 (2018)
Chaudhary, S., Amphawan, A.: Selective excitation of LG 00, LG 01, and LG 02 modes by a solid core PCF based mode selector in MDM–Ro-FSO transmission systems. Laser Phys. 28(7), 1–8 (2018)
Chaudhary, S., Amphawan, A.: High speed MDM–Ro-FSO communication system by incorporating AMI scheme. Int. J. Electron. Lett. 7(3), 304–310 (2018)
Chaudhary, S.: Optimization of AMI–MDM–RoFSO under atmospheric turbulence. Eur. Phys. J. Conf. 162, 01020 (2017)
Kaur, D., Chaudhary, S.: 4 × 10 Gbps cost effective hybrid OADM–MDM short haul interconnects. Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett. 58, 1613–1617 (2017)
Chaudhary, S., Lin, B., Tang, X., Wei, X., Zhou, Z., Lin, C., Zhang, M., Zhang, H.: 40 Gbps–80 GHz PSK–MDM based Ro-FSO transmission system. Opt. Quant. Electron. 50, 321 (2018)
Kaisaleh, K.: Performance of APD-based, PPM optical communication system in atmospheric turbulence. IEEE Trans. Commun. 53(9), 1455–1461 (2005)
Chatzidiaantis, N., Lioumpas, A., Karangiannidis, G., Aron, S.: Adaptive subcarrier PSK modulation in free space optical systems. IEEE Trans. Commun. 59(5), 1368–1377 (2011)
Liu, Q., Lu, Q.: Subcarrier PSK intensity modulation for optical wireless communication through turbulent atmosphere channel. IEEE Int. Conf. Commun. (ICC) 3, 1761–1765 (2015)
Sharma, N., Garg, P.: Cross-QAM signaling in free space optical communication systems with generalized pointing errors. In: IEEE 86th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Fall), pp. 1–5, Toronto (2017)
Sharma, V., Kaur, G.: High speed long reach OFDM–FSO transmission link incorporating OSSB and OTSB schemes. Optik 124, 6111–6114 (2013)
Chaudhary, S., Amphawan, A., Nisar, K.: Realization of free space optics with OFDM under atmospheric turbulence. Optik 125(18), 5196–5198 (2014)
Bhanja, U., Khuntia, A., Swati, A.: Performance analysis of a SAC-OCDMA FSO network. In: 4th International Conference on Signal Processing, Computing and Control (ISPCC), pp. 1–6, Solan (2017)
Kaur, G., Srivastava, D., Singh, P., Parasher, Y.: Development of a novel hybrid PDM/OFDM technique for FSO system and its performance analysis. Opt. Laser Technol. 109, 256–262 (2019)
Jeyaseelan, J., Kumar, D., Caroline, B.: PolSK and ASK modulation techniques based BER analysis of WDM–FSO system for under turbulence conditions. Wirel. Pers. Commun. 103, 3221 (2018)
Jeyaseelan, J., Kumar, D., Caroline, B.: Performance analysis of free space optical communication system employinh WDM-PolSK under turbulent weather conditions. J. Optoelectron. Adv. Mater. 20(9), 506–514 (2018)
Amphawan, A., Mishrab, V., Nisaran, K., Nedniyomc, B.: Realtime holographic backlighting positioning sensor for enhanced power coupling efficiency into selective launches in multimode fiber. J. Mod. Opt. 59, 1745–1752 (2012)
Amphawan, A., Benjaporn, N., Nashwan, M.: Selective excitation of LP01 mode in multimode fiber using solid-core photonic crystal fiber. J. Mod. Opt. 59(20), 1–9 (2014)
Amphawan, A.: Binary encoded computer generated holograms for temporal phase shifting. Opt. Express 19, 23085–23096 (2011)
Optiwave, Optisystem, Ottawa, Canada (2018)
Ghatak, A., Thyagarajan, K.: An Introduction to Fiber Optics. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1998)
Ghassemlooy, Z., Popoola, W.: Terrestrial free space optical communications. In: Fares, S.A., Adachi, F. (eds.) Mobile and Wireless Communication Network Layer and Circuit Level Design. InTech (2010)
Mourka, A., et al.: Modal characterization using principal component analysis: application to bessel, higher-order gaussian beams and their superposition. Sci. Rep. 3, 1422 (2013)
Amphawan, A., et al.: Modal decomposition of output field from holographic mode field generation in a multimode fiber channel. In: IEEE International Conference on Photonics (ICP), pp. 1–5. IEEE, Langkawi (2010)
Recommendation ITU-R, P.1814, May 2–7
Shafik, R., Rahman, S., Islam, A.: On the extended relationships among EVM, BER and SNR as performance metrics. In: At 4th International Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering 4th International Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering, pp. 408–411, Bangladesh (2006)
Karaki, J., Giacoumidis, E., Grot, D., Guillossou, T., Gosset, C., Bidan, R., Gall, T., Jaouën, Y., Pincemin, E.: Dual-polarization multi-band OFDM versus single-carrier DPQPSK for 100 Gb/s long-haul WDM transmission over legacy infrastructure. Opt. Express 21, 16982 (2013)
Kahn, J.: Modulation and detection techniques for optical communication systems. In: Optical Amplifiers and Their Applications/Coherent Optical Technologies and Applications, Technical Digest (CD) (Optical Society of America, 2006), Paper CThC1
Kahn, J., Ho, K.: Modulation and detection techniques for DWDW systems. In: Forestieri, E. (ed.) Optical Communication Theory and Techniques. Springer, Boston (2005)
Krishnan, P., Jana, U., Kanekal, B., Kumar, A.: Asymptotic bit-error rate analysis of quadrature amplitude modulation and phase-shift keying with OFDM RoFSO overMturbulence in the presence of pointing errors. IET Commun. 12(16), 2046–2051 (2018)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Singh, M., Malhotra, J. Performance comparison of M-QAM and DQPSK modulation schemes in a 2 × 20 Gbit/s–40 GHz hybrid MDM–OFDM-based radio over FSO transmission system. Photon Netw Commun 38, 378–389 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11107-019-00861-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11107-019-00861-z