Skip to main content
Log in

The effects of polarization mode dispersion on 2D wavelength-hopping time spreading code routed networks

  • Published:
Photonic Network Communications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this study, we investigate the effects of multiple access interference (MAI) and polarization mode dispersion (PMD) in 2D wavelength-hopping time spreading optical code paths. The main results show the MAI effects and PMD constraint at the outage probability. The contribution of these sources of interference is analysed to choose the better design of code parameters in order to increase the performance of networks based on optical code paths. These results could be applied to determine the parameters design in code/wavelength routed networks.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Murthy C.S.R., Gurusamy M.: WDM Optical Networks: Concepts, Design, and Algorithms. Upper Saddle River, Prentice Hall (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Huang S., Baba K., Murata M., Kitayama K.: Variable-bandwidth optical paths: comparison between optical code-labeled path and OCDM path. J. Lightwave Technol. 24(10), 3563–3573 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Kitayama K., Murata M.: Versatile optical code-based MPLS for circuit, burst and packet switchings. J. Lightwave Technol. 21(11), 2573–2764 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Mutafungwa E.: Comparative analysis of the traffic performance of fiber-impairment limited WDM and hybrid OCDM/WDM networks. Photonic Netw. Commun. 13, 53–66 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Kitayama K., Sotobayashi H., Wada N.: Optical code division multiplexing (OCDM) and its applications to photonic networks. IEICE Trans. Fund. E82 A(12), 2616–2626 (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Sotobayashi H., Chujo W., Kitayama K.: Transparent virtual optical code/wavelength path network. IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun. 8(3), 699–704 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Ng E.K.H., Sargent E.H.: Optimum threshold detection in real-time scalable high-speed multi-wavelength optical code-division multiple-access LANs. IEEE Trans. Commun. 50(5), 778–784 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Brès C.-S., Prucnal P.R.: Code-empowered lightwave networks. J. Lightwave Technol. 25(10), 2911–2921 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Brès, C.-S., Glesk, I., Prucnal, P.R.: Demonstration of a transparent router for wavelength-hopping time-spreading optical CDMA. Opt. Commun. 254, 58–66, (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Strand, J., Chiu Angela, L., Tkach, R.I.: Issues for routing in the optical layer. IEEE Commun. Mag. 39, 81–87 (2001)

  11. Durand F.R., Lima M., César A., Moschim E.: Impact of PMD on hybrid WDM/OCDM networks. IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 17(12), 2787–2789 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Durand, F.R., Rudge Barbosa, F., Abbade, M.F., Moschim, E.: Effects of multiple access interference and PMD on optical code lightpaths. IEEE Sarnoff 2007 Symposium, paper S-13-2, Princeton NJ, USA, April 2007

  13. Yim R., Chen L., Bajcsy J.: Design and performance of 2-D codes for wavelength-time optical CDMA. IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 14(5), 714–716 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Huang Y.-K., Baby V., Glesk I., Brès C.-S., Greiner C.M., Iazikov D., Mossberg Thomas W., Prucnal P.R.: Novel multicode-processing platform for wavelength-hopping time-spreading optical cdma: a path to device miniaturization and enhanced network functionality. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 13(5), 1471–1479 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Ramaswami R., Sivarajan K.N.: Optical Networks: A Practical Perspective. Morgan Kauffmann Publishers, San Fransisco, CA (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Yang, G.-C., Kwong, W.C.: Prime Codes with Applications to CDMA Optical and Wireless Networks. Artech House, Boston, MA (2002)

  17. Kissing J. et al.: Analytical probability density function for the Q factor due to PMD and noise. IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 15(4), 611–613 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Fábio R. Durand.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Durand, F.R., Galdino, L., Bonani, L.H. et al. The effects of polarization mode dispersion on 2D wavelength-hopping time spreading code routed networks. Photon Netw Commun 20, 27–32 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11107-010-0242-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11107-010-0242-6

Keywords

Navigation