Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Fractional Lambda Switching for Flexible Bandwidth Provisioning in WDM Networks: Principles and Performance†

  • Published:
Photonic Network Communications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A new approach is introduced in this paper to make possible a flexible utilization of WDM networks using current technology. It is shown that the bandwidth made available end-to-end by a single wavelength can be simply broken up into smaller pieces, or fraction of lambda, by relying on a worldwide common time reference system, such as GPS, previously deployed for different applications. The common time reference system is used to synchronize switches and to facilitate pipeline forwarding of data units. Pipeline forwarding is a known optimal method widely used in manufacturing and computing. It is shown how this new approach, called Time Driven Switching, behaves in terms of call blocking when the basic parameters of the scheme are varied.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Optical Networks Magazine, Special Section on Wavelength Routed Networks: Architectures, Protocols, and Experiments, vol. 3, no. 1, January/February 2002

  2. Optical Networks Magazine, Special Section on Routing and Control in Optical Networks, vol. 3, no. 4, July/August 2002

  3. B. S. Arnaud (March 2001) ArticleTitleCurrent optical network designs may be flawed Optical Networks Magazine 2 IssueID2 21–28

    Google Scholar 

  4. C. Assi A. Shami M. A. Ali Y. Ye S. Dixit (July 2002) ArticleTitleIntegrated routing algorithms for provisioning “Sub-Wavelength” connections in IP-over-WDM networks Photonic Network Communications 4 IssueID3 377–390

    Google Scholar 

  5. M. Baldi, Y. Ofek, Fractional Lambda Switching, In Proc. of IEEE ICC’02, Optical Networking Symposium (New York, NY, USA, April 2002), pp. 2692–2696

  6. Global Positioning System data archive. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). [Online]. Available: http://www.boulder.nist.gov/timefreq/service/gpstrace.htm

  7. Global Navigation Satellite System GLONASS. Russian Federation Ministry of Defense - Coordination Scientific Information Center. [Online] Available: http://www.rssi.ru/SFCSIC/english.html

  8. Transport-satellite navigation. European Union. [Online]. Available: http://europa.eu.int/scadplus/leg/en/lvb/l24205.htm

  9. Two-way Satellite Time and Frequency Transfer (TWTFT). National Physical Laboratory. [Online]. Available: http://www.npl.co.uk/npl/ctm/twstft.html

  10. M. Baldi Y. Ofek (September/October 2003) ArticleTitleRealizing dynamic optical networking Optical Network Magazine 4 IssueID5 100–111

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electronics and Information, Politecnico di Milano, P.za Leonardo da Vinci, 32-20133, Milan, Italy

    Donato Grieco & Achille Pattavina

  2. Dipartimento di Informatica e Telecomunicazioni (DIT), Universita’ di Trento, Via Sommarive, 14-38050, Povo (Trento), Italy

    Yoram Ofek

Authors
  1. Donato Grieco
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Achille Pattavina
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Yoram Ofek
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Achille Pattavina.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Grieco, D., Pattavina, A. & Ofek, Y. Fractional Lambda Switching for Flexible Bandwidth Provisioning in WDM Networks: Principles and Performance†. Photon Netw Commun 9, 281–296 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11107-004-6433-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11107-004-6433-2

Keywords

Search

Navigation