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Synthesis of High-Entropy AlNiCoFeCrTi Coating by Cold Spraying

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Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics Aims and scope

The cold spraying (CS) process was applied to deposit coatings using the AlCoNiFeCrTi high-entropy alloy (HEA) powder. The HEA powder was produced by short-time mechanical alloying (MA) of an equiatomic mixture in a planetary-ball mill followed by annealing at 1200°C and grinding of the resultant agglomerates. X-ray diffraction and microstructural analyses were employed to study the phase and structural transformations at different stages of producing the AlCoNiFeCrTi alloy powder and after it was sprayed onto a steel substrate. When the powder mixture was subjected to the MA process, a metastable nanostructured bcc solid solution formed. Annealing changed the phase composition of the alloy to an ordered bcc solid solution (B2 phase), intermetallic σ-phase (FeCr), and titanium carbide TiC. Grinding in a planetary-ball mill for 1 h turned the ordered B2 phase into a disordered nanostructured bcc solid solution. The titanium carbide and σ phase remained in the alloy, but particles of the σ phase significantly refined and partially dissolved in the bcc solid solution. Following deposition, the phase composition and nanostructured state of the starting alloy powder remained unchanged and the cold-sprayed coating consisted of a bcc solid solution, an intermetallic σ phase, and TiC carbide. The average coating thickness was 405 μm and Vickers microhardness HV was 10.0 ± 0.3 GPa. The high hardness of the coating was due to hardening effects: solid-solution and nanostructured hardening, hardening by inclusions of intermetallic and carbide phases, and strain hardening under severe plastic deformation in deposition at supersonic speeds (~105–107 sec–1) at low temperatures. The HEA coating showed good adhesion to the substrate and low porosity (<1%).

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  1. National Technical University ‘Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute’, Kyiv, Ukraine

    A. I. Yurkova, D. V. Hushchyk & A. V. Minitsky

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Translated from Poroshkova Metallurgiya, Vol. 59, Nos. 11–12 (536), pp. 85–102, 2020.

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Yurkova, A.I., Hushchyk, D.V. & Minitsky, A.V. Synthesis of High-Entropy AlNiCoFeCrTi Coating by Cold Spraying. Powder Metall Met Ceram 59, 681–694 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11106-021-00203-7

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