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Phenotyping Drought-Induced Morpho-Physiological Changes and Genetic Diversity Among Pigeon Pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) Genotypes

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Abstract

Drought stress at reproductive stages is mainly responsible for low yield in pigeon pea especially in semi-arid regions. Understanding genetic makeup at the phenotypic and genotypic level for stress tolerance-related traits is critical for the selection of diverse parental lines and in designing the breeding program for genetic enhancement of the crop. In view of this, we assessed the responses of different pigeon pea genotypes under irrigated and drought stress conditions for two consecutive years through morpho-physiological characterization and genotyping using SSR markers for assessing diversity at the genomic level. The study revealed high genetic diversity for morpho-physiological traits of which photosynthesis and water use efficiency were found to be useful in screening for drought tolerance. Cluster and PCoA analysis revealed diverse genotypic groups by stress tolerance and maturity duration. Genotyping using genic and genomic SSRs revealed 109 unique alleles with an average of 2.09 alleles per marker with the average polymorphic information content (PIC) value of 0.28 and a range of 0.09 to 0.60 between genotypes. This study helped in identifying diverse genotypes with stress tolerance and provide an insight for the selection of parental lines for using them in the genetic enhancement program in pigeon pea.

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Availability of Data and Materials

All the data and plant material are available from the corresponding author. The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article/Supplementary Material; further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author.

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Acknowledgements

The research was carried out under National Innovations on Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA) Project at the ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture (CRIDA). The authors are thankful to the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) for providing financial support under the NICRA project for carrying out the present investigation.

Funding

This work was fully supported by the research grant from the ICAR, New Delhi in the form of a national project “National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA).”

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Crop Sciences, ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Telangana, Hyderabad, India

    Basudeb Sarkar, V. S. K. Chakravarthy, M. Vanaja, K. Salini, M. Maheswari, N. Jyothilakshmi, A. K. Shanker, S. K. Yadav, M. Prabhakar & G. R. Chary

  2. ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Telangana, Hyderabad, India

    V. K. Singh

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  1. Basudeb Sarkar
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  2. V. S. K. Chakravarthy
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  3. M. Vanaja
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Contributions

BS—conceptualization, analysis, validation, and original draft. VSK—methodology and investigation. VM—resources, methodology, and editing. KS—investigation and validation. MM—supervision and editing. JL—investigation and editing. AK—methodology and editing. SK—review and editing. PM—funding acquisition and project administration. RCG—project administration and resources. VK—manuscript editing.

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Correspondence to Basudeb Sarkar.

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Sarkar, B., Chakravarthy, V.S.K., Vanaja, M. et al. Phenotyping Drought-Induced Morpho-Physiological Changes and Genetic Diversity Among Pigeon Pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) Genotypes. Plant Mol Biol Rep 41, 304–316 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11105-022-01366-2

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