Interaction of SAUR53 and Its Close Homologs with Calmodulin May Play a Role in Early Development in Arabidopsis

Plant Molecular Biology Reporter volume 38, pages343–351(2020)Cite this article

Abstract

Auxin plays crucial roles in modulating various aspects of plant growth and development throughout the plant life cycle. At the molecular level, auxin rapidly upregulates the expression of many genes, including those belong to three primary auxin-responsive (PAR) gene families. Small auxin-up RNA (SAUR) family is the largest among the three PAR gene families and contains 81 genes; however, molecular and physiological functions of most of them are yet to be discovered. Recently, we showed that the ectopic expression of SAUR53 causes hyper-elongation of cells and organs and alters apical hook development in Arabidopsis. Here we show that SAUR53 and its three close homologs, SAUR42, SAUR52, and SAUR69, physically interact with calmodulin (CaM) through their N-terminal CaM-binding domains. Additionally, seedlings of all four SAUR overexpression (SAUR-OX) transgenic lines are less sensitive to CaM inhibitor mediated inhibition of primary root elongation. We also show that CaM inhibitors accelerate the apical hook opening in dark-grown, wild-type seedlings, similar to dark-grown SAUR53-OX seedlings. Collectively, our present work reveals molecular and physiological relationships between SAURs and CaM proteins.

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Funding

This research was supported by NSF CAREER grant IOS 0845305 (to N.D), Research Enhancement Grant from Texas State University (to N.D. and S.D.), one-time grant 90000525 (to ND), and the Texas State University Doctoral Research Support Fellowship (to PK).

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Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA

    Praveen Kumar Kathare, Sunethra Dharmasiri, Israel Arellano & Nihal Dharmasiri

  2. Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas, Austin, TX, 78712, USA

    Praveen Kumar Kathare

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  1. Praveen Kumar Kathare
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  2. Sunethra Dharmasiri
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  3. Israel Arellano
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Correspondence to Nihal Dharmasiri.

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Key Message

SAUR53 and its homologs interact with calmodulin (CaM) through their N-terminal CaM-binding domains. SAUR-CaM interaction possibly plays a role in early developmental events involving cell elongation/expansion.

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Kathare, P.K., Dharmasiri, S., Arellano, I. et al. Interaction of SAUR53 and Its Close Homologs with Calmodulin May Play a Role in Early Development in Arabidopsis. Plant Mol Biol Rep 38, 343–351 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11105-020-01199-x

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Keywords

  • Auxin
  • SAUR
  • Apical hook development
  • Calcium
  • Calmodulin