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Population Structure and Genetic Diversity in Sweet Cassava Accessions in Paraná and Santa Catarina, Brazil

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Abstract

Manihot esculenta Crantz is originally from the Amazon region of Brazil, which has the highest genetic diversity. Due to the wide adaptation of cassava to the most diverse environments, the evolutionary forces acted on the crop, resulting in a more complex genetic structure. This study evaluated the population structure and the genetic diversity through 25 SSR markers of 144 sweet cassava accessions collected in seven places in the south of Brazil. All the loci analyzed were polymorphic and showed several alleles per loci with a mean of 3.36 alleles and 38 rare alleles in the population. The mean value of polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.488, which indicates that the markers were informative and the mean observed heterozygosity was 0.644, while the mean expected heterozygosity was 0.557. The sweet cassava accessions were divided into 10 groups based on the population structure analysis. There was a moderate genetic differentiation (PhiPT = 0.106) among the sweet cassava subpopulations. The wide genetic variability among the studied accessions of sweet cassava demonstrates the importance of the emergency in the conservation of plants in germplasm banks, because the intense change in agriculture; the expansion of areas occupied by soybeans, corn, and other crops; and also the farmers’ migration from rural areas to urban areas reduced cassava cultivation over time, and as a consequence, genetic variability has been lost.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank the graduate students from the Genetic and Breeding Program (www.pgm.uem.br) of Universidade Estadual de Maringá that collaborated to the development of the present work.

Funding

The authors would like to thank the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) for the financial support given to the agronomy undergraduate students. MC Gonçalves-Vidigal and PS Vidigal Filho received scholarships from CNPq.

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  1. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Melhoramento de Plantas (PGM), Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá, Paraná, 87020-900, Brazil

    Vanesca Priscila Camargo Rocha, Maria Celeste Gonçalves-Vidigal, Alex Henrique Tiene Ortiz, Giseli Valentini, Rebecca Caroline Ulbricht Ferreira, Tiago Maretti Gonçalves, Giselly Figueiredo Lacanallo & Pedro Soares Vidigal Filho

  2. FEITEP-Faculdade de Engenharia e Inovação Técnico Profissional, Avenida Paranavaí, 1164, Maringá, 87070-130, Brazil

    Giseli Valentini

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  1. Vanesca Priscila Camargo Rocha
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Rocha, V.P.C., Gonçalves-Vidigal, M.C., Ortiz, A.H.T. et al. Population Structure and Genetic Diversity in Sweet Cassava Accessions in Paraná and Santa Catarina, Brazil. Plant Mol Biol Rep 38, 25–38 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11105-019-01175-0

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