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A Cotton Gbvdr5 Gene Encoding a Leucine-Rich-Repeat Receptor-Like Protein Confers Resistance to Verticillium dahliae in Transgenic Arabidopsis and Upland Cotton

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Abstract

Leucine-rich-repeat receptor-like proteins (eLRR-RLPs) play significant roles in plant defense against pathogens and in plant development. Several eLRR-RLP genes such as Ve1, Gbve, and Gbve1 have been reported to confer resistance to Verticillium dahliae. Gbvdr5, a newly discovered RLP gene from V. dahliae-resistant island cotton cultivar H7124, has a short tail as Ve1. There is a cytosine deletion in Gbvdr5 homologous genes at nucleotide position 2765, which is downstream from the initiation codon in all susceptible upland cotton cultivars analyzed. This deletion was found to cause premature termination of the protein, creating a 937 aa product, but the Gbvdr5 protein had the full 1,077 aa. Transient expression analyses indicated that Gbvdr5 is localized on the plasma membrane. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that the Gbvdr5 gene was activated by SA, MeJA, ABA, and ETH, and it was induced by V. dahliae isolates V991 and DF-CQ-2 in H7124, whereas was unchanged or repressed in susceptible upland cotton Simian 3. Gbvdr5-promoter-driven GUS activity was found mostly in the root tips and stem growing points of transgenic Arabidopsis. Silencing of Gbvdr5 in Verticillium-wilt-resistant cotton H7124 compromised cotton resistance to V. dahliae isolates V991 and BP2. The resistance was verified by transforming the Gbvdr5 gene into Arabidopsis and upland cotton through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Overexpression of the Gbvdr5 gene endowed transgenic Arabidopsis with resistance to defoliating isolate V991 and non-defoliating isolate BP2, but it had no effect on either DF-CQ-2 or JR2 of V. dahliae. The transformed cotton also had confirmed resistance to V991 and BP2. More callose deposition, more expression of the defense-related genes PR1 and PR5, and HR-mimic cell death were observed in the transgenic Arabidopsis when inoculated with V. dahliae. This demonstrated that Verticillium–plant interactions may involve some specific ways of recognizing V. dahliae and Gbvdr5 may be a suitable candidate gene for breeding Verticillium-wilt-resistant cotton lines.

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Abbreviations

SA:

Salicylic acid

MeJA:

Methyl jasmonate

ETH:

Ethylene

ABA:

Abscise acid

GUS:

Beta-glucuronidase

RLP:

Receptor-like proteins

HR:

Hypersensitive response

PR:

Pathogen-related

LRR:

Leucine-rich-repeat

Ve:

Verticillium genus

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20131336), National Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 31371930), Independent Innovation of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu Province (no. cx (12) 5022), and National Science and Technology Major Project for Transgenic Breeding (no. 2014ZX08005-001B).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China

    Yuwen Yang, Xitie Ling, Tianzi Chen, Liwang Cai, Tingli Liu, Jinyan Wang, Xiaohui Fan, Yongzhe Ren, Hongbo Yuan, Wei Zhu & Baolong Zhang

  2. Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, 39762, USA

    Din-Pow Ma

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  1. Yuwen Yang
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  2. Xitie Ling
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Correspondence to Baolong Zhang or Din-Pow Ma.

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Yuwen Yang and Xitie Ling have equal contribution.

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Figure S1

Primary structures of Gbvdr5 compared with Gbve1, Gbve, ve1, and ve2. (JPEG 6735 kb)

Figure S2

The promoter sequence of Gbvdr5 and Ghvdr5. A; the promoter sequence of Gbvdr5. The box indicated the start codon. B, Alignment of Gbvdr5 with Ghvdr5 derived from Yumian 1. (GIF 107 kb)

High-resolution image (TIFF 9093 kb)

Figure S3

The transformation of cotton hypocotyls with Agrobacterium. (A) Cotton hypocotyl explants for Agrobacterium transformation (B). Kanamycin-resistant calli on kanamycin-containing selective culture medium (C). Kanamycin-resistant calli on proliferation medium without kanamycin (D). Embryogenesis: embryogenic calli and globular embryos (E). Embryogenesis: embryogenic calli, globular embryos, and torpedo embryos (F). Embryogenesis: globular embryos and cotyledonary embryos (G). Regenerated plantlets in medium (H). Transgenic plants transferred in pots (I). Transgenic plants in greenhouse (JPEG 309 kb)

Figure S4

Standard curve and PCR efficiency of real-time PCR primers. A: Standard curve of Gbvdr5 real-time PCR primer; B: standard curve of internal gene UBQ14. (GIF 29 kb)

High-resolution image (TIFF 2823 kb)

Table S1

The characterized domains in the promoter of Gbvdr5 gene (DOC 55 kb)

Table S2

The primers used in this study (DOC 67 kb)

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Yang, Y., Ling, X., Chen, T. et al. A Cotton Gbvdr5 Gene Encoding a Leucine-Rich-Repeat Receptor-Like Protein Confers Resistance to Verticillium dahliae in Transgenic Arabidopsis and Upland Cotton. Plant Mol Biol Rep 33, 987–1001 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11105-014-0810-5

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