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Identification of Reference Genes for Normalizing RNA Expression in Potato Roots Infected with Cyst Nematodes

Plant Molecular Biology Reporter volume 31, pages 936–945 (2013)Cite this article

Abstract

Potato cyst nematodes induce changes in plant host gene expression following root invasion. For an accurate comparison of gene expression by reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR), internal reference genes are necessary for transcript normalization. Very few experimental data on suitable reference genes are available for interactions between plant and root pathogens. In this study, we tested eight potential candidate reference genes for normalizing levels of potato gene transcripts by RT-qPCR after inoculation by nematodes. The ranking of candidate reference genes was performed using RefFinder WEB-based software. Four reference genes, RPN7 (26S proteasome regulatory subunit), UBP22 (ubiquitin-specific protease 22), OXA1 (OXA1 protein), and MST2 (mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase), were stably expressed in roots of susceptible or resistant potato plants, infected or uninfected by Globodera pallida. A normalization factor based on data from these four genes, highly homologous between potato and tomato, was used to normalize the expression of a chitinase gene, which was induced by nematodes in roots of potatoes carrying the resistance allele at a low-effect QTL, GpaXI spl .

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Acknowledgments

We warmly thank Dr MC Kerlan, who provided plant material, C. Garchery for advice on experimental procedure and Rebecca Stevens for critical reading of the manuscript. We also thank the anonymous reviewers for helpful suggestions to improve the manuscript. This study was financially supported by the Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) and the European project APOPHYS (QLRT-2001-01849). PCQ was funded by a PhD grant of the Secretaria Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (SENESCYT) of Ecuador.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. INRA, UR1052 GAFL Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes, Domaine Saint Maurice, Allée des Chênes, CS 60094, 84143, Montfavet Cedex, France

    Patricio Castro-Quezada, Michel Claverie, Véronique Lefebvre & Bernard Caromel

  2. UAPV, Laboratoire de Physiologie des Fruits et des Légumes, Pôle Agrosciences, BP 21239, 84916, Avignon cedex 9, France

    Jawad Aarrouf

  3. INRA, UMR INRA 1355 – UNS - CNRS 7254 Institut Sophia-Agrobiotech, 400 route des Chappes, 06903, Sophia Antipolis, France

    Bruno Favery

  4. INRA, UMR 1349 IGEPP INRA/Agrocampus Ouest/Université Rennes1, 35653, Le Rheu, France

    Didier Mugniéry

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  1. Patricio Castro-Quezada
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  2. Jawad Aarrouf
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  3. Michel Claverie
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  7. Bernard Caromel
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Correspondence to Bernard Caromel.

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Castro-Quezada, P., Aarrouf, J., Claverie, M. et al. Identification of Reference Genes for Normalizing RNA Expression in Potato Roots Infected with Cyst Nematodes. Plant Mol Biol Rep 31, 936–945 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11105-013-0566-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11105-013-0566-3

Keywords

  • RT-qPCR
  • Transcript normalization
  • Compatible–incompatible interactions
  • Globodera pallida
  • Solanum
  • Chitinase