Abstract
Purpose
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi that regenerate rapidly after disturbance play a significant role in vegetation resilience. We employed the fungi inhabiting a coastal dune ecosystem to characterize their strategies for survival and regeneration after disturbance.
Methods
Root-soil samples were collected from the seaward and landward slopes that differ in disturbance severity. The native grass Miscanthus sinensis (donor plants) were grown in the soil samples for two months, and from a half of the plants, disturbance-tolerant fungi that regenerate from spores and extraradical hyphae (soil propagule-mediated regenerators, SP) and those that regenerate from the colonized roots (root-direct regenerators, RD) were trapped separately with new seedlings (assessment plants). The other half of the donor plants were further grown without destruction for four months together with assessment plants, during which the fungi trapped by the plants were categorized as disturbance-sensitive slow regenerators (SL). DNA was extracted from the assessment plants for identification based on LSU rDNA sequences.
Results
All the fungi that occurred widely in the seaward samples belonged to the Glomeraceae and Paraglomeraceae and preferred the RD strategy to the SP strategy. In the landward samples diverse taxa that employed diverse strategies occurred, and among them, Gigasporaceae fungi showed a distinct preference for the SP strategy.
Conclusion
These observations suggest that not only soil-borne propagules but also colonized roots play a key role in the rapid regeneration of the fungi after disturbance, providing a new insight into the life-history strategies of AM fungi in frequently disturbed environments.
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Data availability
The sequence reads have been deposited in the Sequence Read Archive of National Center for Biotechnology Information under the accession number PRJNA949820.
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Acknowledgements
This work was conducted at the open research facility of Hokkaido Agricultural Research Center, NARO. We also acknowledge Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan for the scholarship to AC.
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Cahyaningtyas, A., Ezawa, T. Disturbance tolerance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: characterization of life-history strategies along a disturbance gradient in a coastal dune ecosystem. Plant Soil 495, 535–549 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-023-06337-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-023-06337-4