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The introduced lineage of Phragmites australis in North America differs from its co-existing native lineage in associated soil microbial structure rather than plant traits

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Abstract

Background and aims

The introduced lineage of Phragmites australis (haplotype M) in North America outcompetes the native lineage (haplotype E). Previous studies have found that haplotype M is situated on the fast side of the trait economic spectrum compared to haplotype E in North America and Europe. The present study evaluated the plant traits and associated soil microbes of introduced and native Phragmites lineages using a common garden experiment.

Methods

Four geographic groups, including the introduced lineage of North America (NAint, haplotype M), native lineage of North America (NAnat, haplotype E), European group (EU, haplotype M) and northwestern China group (CHN, haplotype M), were studied in two life-history stages – growing period and withering period.

Results

No trait differences were observed among the four groups. The difference existed in the soil microbial structure. The soils derived from the four groups had different bacterial generic structures. NAnat gathered more plant pathogenic and ectomycorrhizal fungi in the growing period. In the withering period, NAint accumulated more plant pathogenic fungi, while NAnat accumulated more arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. The soil microbial structure was different among NAint, EU and CHN despite the same haplotype.

Conclusion

The interaction between plant traits and the soil microbes seemed weak. However, the long-term effects of microbial transition on the introduced and native lineages are unknown, and the potential plant-soil interactions need further exploration.

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Data Availability

Data will be made available on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

We deeply thank Novogene Co., Ltd. for soil microbial analyses and Nanjing Institute of Geography & Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences for elemental analyses. The present research was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31800299, 32271588), the Qingdao Agricultural University Doctoral Start-Up Fund (663/1121009) and the National Undergraduate Training Program for Innovation and Entrepreneurship of Qingdao Agricultural University (844, 849).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Forestry, College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China

    Tong Wang, Jinming Yang, Xiaolong Chi, Yongfeng Zhu, Xiaoyu Huang & Hongrui Dou

  2. Department of Landscape Gardening, College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China

    Xiao Guo

  3. State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China

    Zhigang Wu

  4. Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China

    Renqing Wang

  5. Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Vegetation Ecology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China

    Renqing Wang

  6. Qingdao Forest Ecology Research Station of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China

    Renqing Wang

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  1. Tong Wang
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Contributions

T. W. and X. G. proposed the idea, designed the experiment and wrote the manuscript. J. Y. performed the visualization. X. C., Y. Z., X. H. and H. D performed the sampling and data collection. Z. W. analyzed the data. R. W. provided the experimental infrastructure and facilities and revised the manuscript. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Tong Wang.

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Wang, T., Guo, X., Yang, J. et al. The introduced lineage of Phragmites australis in North America differs from its co-existing native lineage in associated soil microbial structure rather than plant traits. Plant Soil 493, 137–156 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-023-06216-y

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