Abstract
Aims
The relationship between functional traits and growth conditions across tree species provides critical information for understanding resource acquisition strategy of each species. This study aims to elucidate the relationship between root tip morphology and growth conditions with considering the phylogenetic difference in a primary lowland dipterocarp forest.
Methods
We surveyed growth conditions for 13 target species of Macaranga and Shorea, i.e., light condition, soil physical properties, and soil nitrogen (N) dynamics, and root tip morphology, including specific root tip length (SRLt), root tip diameter (RDt), and root tip tissue density (RTDt) and analyzed their relationships considering the difference between genera.
Results
The differences in SRLt and RDt between two genera, Macaranga and Shorea, were validated by the difference in environmental factors, i.e., light intensity and soil ammonification rate. With considering the difference between genera, we detected an interspecific variation in SRLt, RDt, and RTDt across all 13 species in response to differences in environmental factors such as light intensity, soil physical properties, soil nitrification, and N mineralization rates. Among the same species, the SRLt decreased with increasing light intensity and increased with increasing nitrification rates, while the RDt exhibited an opposite trend.
Conclusion
We confirmed that the root tip morphology varies according to growth conditions in tropical tree species: shade-tolerant tree species and/or tree species grown in fertile condition had root tips with high efficiency of soil exploration or exploitation per a unit of root biomass. This variation pattern was different than that of temperate tree species.
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Data availability
The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available on TRY plant trait database (https://doi.org/10.17871/TRY.87).
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Acknowledgements
We thank the members of the Soil Management Branch in Forest Research Institute of Malaysia and the Silviculture Laboratory in Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University for helping with this research. We wish to thank the editor and the reviewers for their constructive comments on our manuscript.
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This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 25870569.
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Shin Ugawa designed this experiment, analyzed the collected data, and prepared this manuscript; Wataru Kuninaka, Keisuke Hayata, Naoko Maruta, and Syota Ohashi collected the field data and soil samples, and measured light and edaphic environmental factors; Victoria Rika Kubota collected the field data and identified tree species; Ahmad Rozita and Kadir Wan Rashidah measured soil N dynamics and supported to get a permission for this survey in the Pasoh Forest Reserve. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Ugawa, S., Kuninaka, W., Hayata, K. et al. Relationship between root tip morphology and growth conditions across Macaranga and Shorea species in a tropical lowland forest of Peninsula Malaysia. Plant Soil 481, 621–639 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-022-05665-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-022-05665-1