Abstract
Aims
This study aimed to better understanding the mechanism underlying the interaction between boron and NaCl and may provide methods to improve sugar beet production in saline soils.
Methods
Sugar beet seedlings were treated with different concentrations of boron and NaCl. The flame photometer and ion chromatography were used to determine the ion content. And the uptake of Cl− by beet roots, was measured by non-invasive micro-test technology (NMT) and in vivo uptake system. The qPCR was used to measure the relative expression of the genes encoding ion transporters.
Results
In this study, we demonstrate that application of 750 µM boron markedly mitigated the growth inhibition of sugar beet seedlings caused by 300 mM NaCl, as reflected in dry and fresh weight, leaf area, chlorophyll content, and net photosynthetic rates. Both Na+ and K+ in the plants were not affected by treatment with boron. However, boron markedly reduced the Cl− content of sugar beet seedlings. Boron profoundly upregulated the expression of CLC-b, CLC-c, CLC-f and downregulated the expression of NIP5, NIP6 and AKT1 under NaCl stress.
Conclusions
Our results indicate that exogenous boron reduced Cl− content of sugar beet seedlings by regulation of Cl− transport under NaCl stress, which is possibly involved in upregulation of BvCLC-b, BvCLC-c and BvCLC-f genes encoding Cl− transporters in a cell wall-dependent Ca2+ signal transduction process.
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Funding
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Research Foundation of China (Project Nos. 31570251; 31600200; 31770288), Natural Science Research Foundation of Shandong Province (Project Nos. ZR2020QC031), Post-doctorate program in China (Project Nos. 2020M672114).
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Supplementary Information
Figure S1
Effect of different concentrations of NaCl for 15 days on plant growth of the three B. vulgaris varieties KWS3418, 10-43 and HK-3 (PNG 2553 kb)
Figure S2
Effect of different concentrations of NaCl for 14 days. (A) plant growth, (B) fresh weight of shoots and (C) roots of B. vulgaris. Control: half-strength Hoagland solution; 50 NaCl: half-strength Hoagland solution + 50 mM NaCl; 100 NaCl: half-strength Hoagland solution + 100 mM NaCl; 150 NaCl: half-strength Hoagland solution + 150 mM NaCl; 200 NaCl: half-strength Hoagland solution + 200 mM NaCl; 300 NaCl: half-strength Hoagland solution + 300 mM NaCl; (B, C) 0: half-strength Hoagland solution; 50: half-strength Hoagland solution + 50 mM NaCl; 100: half-strength Hoagland solution + 100 mM NaCl; 150: half-strength Hoagland solution + 150 mM NaCl; 200: half-strength Hoagland solution + 200 mM NaCl; 300: half-strength Hoagland solution + 300 mM NaCl. Data are average of 5 replicates ± SD; Different letters indicate significant difference at P ≤ 0.05. (PNG 3473 kb)
Figure S3
Effect of different concentrations of NaCl in B. vulgaris roots. (A) Continuous Cl– flux and (B) mean Cl– flux in B. vulgaris roots. Data are average of 6 replicates ± SD; Different letters indicate significant difference at P ≤ 0.05. (PNG 335 kb)
Figure S4
Effect of exogenous boron on plant growth of B. vulgaris under NaCl stress for 22 days. Control: half-strength Hoagland solution; NaCl: half-strength Hoagland + 300 mMNaCl; NaCl + B: half-strength Hoagland solution (without H3BO3) + 300 mM NaCl + 750 μMH3BO3. (PNG 3045 kb)
Figure S5
Treatment of B. vulgaris (PNG 3096 kb)
Table S1
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Dong, X., Sun, L., Guo, J. et al. Exogenous boron alleviates growth inhibition by NaCl stress by reducing Cl− uptake in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris). Plant Soil 464, 423–439 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-021-04946-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-021-04946-5