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Assembly of rhizosphere microbial communities in Artemisia annua: recruitment of plant growth‐promoting microorganisms and inter‐kingdom interactions between bacteria and fungi

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Abstract

Aims

Plant roots assemble unique microbial communities in rhizosphere, which are critical for plant adapting to natural environment. Given the pivotal importance of plant-microbe interactions, this study was conducted to uncover the assembly of Artemisia annua on root-associated bacterial and fungal communities and their co-occurrence networks.

Methods

Soil samples were collected from a field experiment with 7-year plantation of Artemisia annua, including unplanted, bulk and rhizosphere soil. The microbial communities were investigated by amplicon sequencing targeting bacteria and fungi.

Results

The soil microbiomes were highly diverse among the three treatments. Bacterial and fungal communities were significantly influenced by AP (available phosphorus), AK (available potassium), TOC (total organic carbon), TN (total nitrogen) and WSN (water soluble nitrogen). Two plant growth-promoting bacteria, Sphingomonas and Sphingobium, and the fungal ASVs defined as Saprotroph were dramatically enriched in rhizosphere. Network analysis revealed that Artemisia annua built the less complex root-associated microbial network, compared to unplanted and bulk soils. Specially, the percentage of inter-kingdom interactions between bacteria and fungi increased in rhizosphere network, and showed the highest proportion of negative relationship.

Conclusions

These results indicate that A. annua could assemble the specific root-associated microbial communities with increased abundance of plant growth promoting microorganisms and build inter-kingdom co-occurrence networks, which may be beneficial for the fitness of plants to natural environment.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by National Science and Technology Major Project for “Significant New Drugs Development” (2019ZX09201005-006-004, 2017ZX09101002-003-001), The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central public welfare research institutes (ZZ13-YQ-101), and Science and Technology Innovation Project of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

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Author notes

  1. Yuhua Shi and Yanshuo Pan contributed equally to this work. To whom correspondence may be addressed. Email: handongfei@caas.cn, liyuzhong@caas.cn, or slchen@icmm.ac.cn

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Chinese Material Medica, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China

    Yuhua Shi, Li Xiang, Zhihui Zhu & Shilin Chen

  2. Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081, Beijing, China

    Yanshuo Pan, Wenbo Fu, Yuzhong Li & Dongfei Han

  3. College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, China

    Yanshuo Pan & Zengchao Geng

  4. School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, 056021, China

    Wenbo Fu & Guangfei Hao

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  1. Yuhua Shi
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Shi, Y., Pan, Y., Xiang, L. et al. Assembly of rhizosphere microbial communities in Artemisia annua: recruitment of plant growth‐promoting microorganisms and inter‐kingdom interactions between bacteria and fungi. Plant Soil 470, 127–139 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-021-04829-9

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