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Rhizosphere processes induce changes in dissimilatory iron reduction in a tidal marsh soil: a rhizobox study

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Abstract

Background and aims

Although the role of microbial iron respiration in tidal marshes has been recognized for decades, the effect of rhizosphere processes on dissimilatory ferric iron reduction (FeR) is poorly known. Herein, we examined the FeR surrounding the root zone of three tidal marsh plants.

Methods

Using in situ rhizoboxes, we accurately separated rhizobox soil as one rhizosphere zone, and three bulk soil zones. Dissimilatory and sulfidic-mediated FeR were quantified by accumulation of non-sulfidic Fe(II) and Fe sulfides over time, respectively.

Results

The rates of dissimilatory FeR attained 42.5 μmol Fe g−1 d−1 in the rhizosphere, and logarithmically declined by up to 19.1 μmol Fe g−1 d−1 in the outer bulk soil. The rates of sulfidic-mediated FeR were less than 2 μmol Fe g−1 d−1 among all zones. Poorly crystalline Fe(III), DOC and DON, porewater Fe2+, and SO42− were all enriched in the rhizosphere, whereas non-sulfidic Fe(II) and Fe sulfides gradually accumulated away from the roots. Iron reducers (Geobacter, Bacillus, Shewanella, and Clostridium) had higher populations in the rhizosphere than in the bulk soil. Higher rates of dissimilatory FeR were observed in the Phragmites australis and Spartina alterniflora rhizoboxes than in the Cyperus malaccensis rhizoboxes.

Conclusions

The radial change pattern of dissimilatory FeR rates were determined by allocation of poorly crystalline Fe(III) and dissolved organic carbon. The interspecies difference of rhizosphere dissimilatory FeR was associated with the root porosity and aerenchyma of the tidal marsh plants.

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Abbreviations

FeR:

Ferric iron reduction

SR:

Sulfate reduction

POR:

Percentage of root porosity

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Acknowledgments

This work was financially supported by the National Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41501252), the Science Foundation of Fujian Province (Grant No. 2016 J05097), Key Laboratory of wet Subtropical Ecology and geography process of Ministry of Education (Grant No. 2017KFJJ02), Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, YICCAS (Grant No. 2018KFJJ10), and the Open Test Fund for valuable instruments and equipment from Fuzhou University (2018 T013). We thank the Elsevier Web shop for its assistance with language editing during the preparation of this manuscript.

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  1. School of Environment and Resource, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China

    Min Luo & Xun Duan

  2. Key Laboratory of Spatial Data Mining & Information Sharing of Ministry Education, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China

    Min Luo

  3. Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Shangsan Street #8, Fuzhou City, 350007, Fujian Province, China

    Yuxiu Liu, Jiafang Huang, Wenfeng Zhu & Chuan Tong

  4. Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, China

    Leilei Xiao

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  1. Min Luo
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Luo, M., Liu, Y., Huang, J. et al. Rhizosphere processes induce changes in dissimilatory iron reduction in a tidal marsh soil: a rhizobox study. Plant Soil 433, 83–100 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-018-3827-y

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