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Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus exopolysaccharide protects bacterial cells against oxidative stress in vitro and during rice plant colonization

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Abstract

Background and aims

The endophytic bacterium Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus produces exopolysaccharides (EPS) that are required for biofilm formation and colonization of rice seedlings. Here we investigated whether EPS produced by the G. diazotrophicus strain Pal5 protects the bacteria against free radicals.

Methods

EPS-mediated protection of Pal5 cells against oxidative damage was evaluated by cell counting and fluorescence microscopy. Rice seedling inoculation studies were performed to investigate the antioxidant activity of EPS during plant colonization. The expression of three bacterial antioxidant genes during plant colonization was also monitored.

Results

Free radical activities were reduced in vitro by the addition of Pal5 EPS. An EPS-defective Pal5 mutant was hypersensitive to H2O2 and addition of purified EPS reversed this phenotype. Addition of EPS at the inoculation time increased colonization efficiency by the mutant strain and a similar effect was observed after addition of the antioxidant ascorbic acid. qPCR profiles of sodA, gor, and katE gene expression in the mutant confirmed the role of EPS during the initial plant colonization.

Conclusions

Our results indicated that EPS produced by G. diazotrophicus protects the bacterial cells against oxidative stress in vitro and during colonization of rice plants.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia da Fixação Biológica de Nitrogênio (INCT-FBN) and UNIVERSAL—Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) n. 483547/2013-1. Talyta T. Gonçalves and José I. Baldani thank Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) and CNPq for fellowship support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Biologia - Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde / Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Rua Baraúnas, 351, Bairro Universitário, 58429-500, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil

    C. Meneses & T. Gonçalves

  2. German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Research Unit Microbe-Plant Interactions, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany

    S. Alquéres

  3. Embrapa Agrobiologia, Rodovia BR 465, km 07, 23891-000, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil

    L. Rouws, M. Vidal & J. I. Baldani

  4. Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro Politécnico, Jardim das Américas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, 81531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil

    R. Serrato

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  1. C. Meneses
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Correspondence to C. Meneses.

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Meneses, C., Gonçalves, T., Alquéres, S. et al. Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus exopolysaccharide protects bacterial cells against oxidative stress in vitro and during rice plant colonization. Plant Soil 416, 133–147 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-017-3201-5

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