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Leaf responses to iron nutrition and low cadmium in peanut: anatomical properties in relation to gas exchange

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Abstract

Aims

This study evaluated how iron nutrition affect leaf anatomical and photosynthetic responses to low cadmium and its accumulation in peanut plants.

Methods

Seedlings were treated with Cd (0 and 0.2 μM CdCl2) and Fe (0, 10, 25, 50 or 100 μM EDTA-Na2Fe) in hydroponic culture.

Results

Cadmium accumulation is highest in Fe-deficient plants, and dramatically decreased with increasing Fe supply. The biomass, gas exchange, and reflectance indices were highest at 25 μM Fe2+ treatments, indicating the concentration is favorable for the growth of peanut plants. Both Fe deficiency and Cd exposure impair photosynthesis and reduce reflectance indices. However, they show different effects on leaf anatomical traits. Fe deficiency induces more and smaller stomata in the leaf surface, but does not affect the inner structure. Low Cd results in a thicker lamina with smaller stomata, thicker palisade and spongy tissues, and lower palisade to spongy thickness ratio. The stomatal length and length/width ratio in the upper epidermis, spongy tissue thickness, and palisade to spongy thickness ratio were closely correlated with net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate.

Conclusions

Cd accumulation rather than Fe deficiency alters leaf anatomy that may increase water use efficiency but inhibit photosynthesis.

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Acknowledgments

Financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31171464) and the Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation (No. 11040606M87, 1308085MC47) is gratefully acknowledged. We would like to acknowledge the two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments and suggestions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, 235000, People’s Republic of China

    Gangrong Shi, Li Sun, Xuming Wang & Caifeng Liu

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  1. Gangrong Shi
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  2. Li Sun
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  3. Xuming Wang
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  4. Caifeng Liu
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Correspondence to Gangrong Shi.

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Responsible Editor: Henk Schat.

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Shi, G., Sun, L., Wang, X. et al. Leaf responses to iron nutrition and low cadmium in peanut: anatomical properties in relation to gas exchange. Plant Soil 375, 99–111 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-013-1953-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-013-1953-0

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